THE  ?di:upiTi:EBc 

HAND-BOOK 


AVEST  ■&  T01iN3TOX-Tnbiyi.T3,   M!:^ 


31  ah 


Hifif  ^  J.  V, 


COL.  GEORGE  WASHINGTON  FLOWERS 
MEMORIAL  COLLECTION 


DUKE  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 
DURHAM.  N.  C. 


PRESENTED  BY 

W.  W.  FLOWERS 


fflTE 


THE 


YOLUNTEER'S    HAND    BOOK 


CONTAINING    AN   ABRIDGMENT    OF 


^ixdu'^  gttfatttvjj  ®art»0, 


ADAPTED    TO    THE    USE    OF    THfi 


dCUSSION  MUSKET  IN  SQUAD  AND  COMPANY  EXERCISES, 
MANUAL  OF  ARMS  FOR  RIFLEMEN, 


UNITED  STATES  ARMY 

REGULATIONS    AS    TO    PARADES,    REVIEWS,  INSPECTIONS, 
GCARD    MOUNTING,    &C. 

BY 

CAPT.  J,  K.  LEE,  OF  THE  FIRST  REGIMENT 

OP 

VIRGINIA  VOLUNTEERS. 

Twentieth  Thousand. 


RICHMOND,  VA.  : 

WEST    &    JOHNSTON 

NO.    145   MAIN   STREET, 

1861. 


Eixtered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  18G0,  by 

WEST    A    JOHNSTON, 

In  the  Clerk*s  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United  States, 

for  the  Eastern  District  of  Virginia. 


Strother  &  Marcom,  PriatcrB,  Raleigh,  N.  C. 


CONTENTS. 


Instuiictiox <,.--  .^ g 

Commands 

THE  SaUAD. 

Position  of  the  Soldier • * 

Facings ••  ^ 

The  direct  step ^ 

Common  time ^ 

Quick  time -^ 

Double  quick  lime lU 

Alignment \\ 

To  march  to  the  front t^f 

To  march  obliquely t.^ 

To  march  backwards ^* 

To  mark  time ?^ 

To  change  stet) f* 

To  march  to  the  right  about 1^ 

To  side  step \^ 

To  march  by  the   flank 1 J 

To  change  direction  by  file 1^ 

Wheelings • IJ 

Turning \l 

Manual  of  Arms *^ 

Rest ;  in  i)lace,  rest ^* 

Parade  rest ^* 

To  stack  arms -*J 

Inspection  of  arms 29 

Loading  and  firing SO 

The  direct  fire ; S5 

The  oblique  fire S5 

To  fire  by  file JJ 

To  fire  by  rank <'6 

THE  COMPANY. 

Formation  or  the  Company 38 

Pt)St  of  officers  in  line ^ ^^ 

To  open  ranks ^^r 

Manual  of  arras  in  open  ranks 40 

To  close  ranks ^J- 

Posts  of  officers  ia  the  firings *«■ 


25691 


II  TABLE    OF   COXTEXTS. 

To  fire  by  the  rear  rank 41 

Tj  advance  in  line  of  battle 42 

To  march  in  retreat 43 

To  march  by  the  flank 44 

To  change  direction  by  file '. 46 

On  the  riofht  by  file  iiito  line 4(> 

On  the  left  by  Hie  into  line 47 

In  two  ranks,  undouble  files 47 

In  four  I  anks,  double  files 48 

Posts  of  ofiicers  in  column 48 

By  company  into  line 49 

By  platoon  into  line 49 

MarcWng  in  column  by  platoon,  to  inarch  by  the  flank  in 

the  same  direction 50 

To  break  into  column  by  platoon 50 

To  march  into  column 51 

To  chanjxe  direction  of  the  column 52 

To  halt  the  column,  and  to  form  into  line  either  at  a  halt 

or  on  the  march 55 

To  break  the  company  into  platoons 55 

To  re-form  the  Company 5G 

To  break  files  to  the  rear 57 

To  cause  files  broken  ofl  to  return  into  line 5S 

The  column  in  route 5S 

Countermarch 60 

The  column  being:   in  HftaTcb,  to  form  on  the  right  or  left 

into  line  of  bat'tle 61 

Formation  of  a  company  from  two- ranks  into  fsxir,   and 

reciprocally  at  a  halt,  and  in  march 62 

Manual  of  Arms  for  Riflkmkx 65 

Form  of   Inspectiox 76 

Dress   Parade 79 

Review 82 

Guard  Mounting 86 

Guards  and  Sentinels iiO 

Escorts  cf  LIonor 93 

Color  Escort 93 

Funeral  Honors 95 


L.. 


INSTIiUCTlON. 


Instruction. 

First  principles  having  the  greatest  influence  upon 
individual  instFuctioit,  upon  which  that  of  the  company 
and  regiment  depend,  recruits  should  be  watched  with 
the  greatest  care.  Instructoi'S  should  explain,  in  a  few 
clear  and  precise  words,  the  movement  to  be  executed ; 
and  not  to  overburden  the  memory  of  the  men,  they 
should  always  use  the  same  words  to  explain  the  same 
principles.  They  should  often  join  example  to  precept, 
should  keep  up  the  attention  of  the  men  by  an  animated 
tone,  and  pass  rapidly  from  one  movement  to  another, 
as  soon  as  that  which  they  command  has  been  executed 
in  a  satisfactory  manner. 

As  tjje  discipline  and  eflieiency  of  a  company  materi- 
ally depend  upon  the  cj^iwiuct  and  character  of  its  non- 
commissioned officers,  these  should  be  selected  with 
care^  and  properly  instructed  in  all  the  duties  apper- 
taining to  their  rank.  And  as  such  instruction  is  in* 
tended  principally  to  qualify  them  for  the  instruction  of 
the  privates,  they  should  be  taught  not  only  to  execute, 
but^  to  explain  intelligibly  every  thing  they  may  be  re*- 
ciuired  to  teach, 

(5) 


225691 


6  COMMANDS. 

Commands. 

Commands  are  af  three  kinds  :  The  command  of  can- 
iion,  which  is  attention ;  the  preparatory  edmmand, 
which  indicates  the  movement  which  is  to  be  executed  j 
and  the  command  of  execution,  such  as  march,  or  halt. 

The  tone  of  com^iand  should  bp  animated,  distinct, 
and  of  a  loudnpstj  proportioned  tp  the  number  of  men 
under  instruction.  The  comuiaud  attention  is  pronounc- 
ed at  the-  top  of  the  voice,  dwelling  on  the  last  syllable. 
The  comn^and  c^  execution  should  be  pronounced  in  a 
tone  firn^  and  bri(;f."*  Thqse  preparatory  commands, 
which  from  their  lencfth  arc  dilTicult  to  be  pronounced  at 
once,  must  be  divided  into  two  or  three  parts,  with  an 
ascending  progression  in  the  tune  of  co.mmand,  but  air 
vvay-;  i^o  that  the  tone  of  o.^ecuiion  may  be  more  energetio 
s\iid  elevated. I 


•*The  coTDKiands  of  caution  and  the  preparatory  commands 
are  herein  distingnii-lied  by  bold  face,  tbosc  of  execution  by 
()AP1TAI.S. 

•fThc  divisions  are  herein  indicated  by  a  hyphen.  The  parts 
of  commands  which  are  placed  in  a  parenthesis  are  not  prp- 
jftouncc(i. 


PART  L 

THE  SaJJAD, 

The  squad  drill  is  the  very  basis  of  all  proficiency  in 
military  exercise.  In  most  cases  it  is  impracticable  to 
instruct  volunteers  in  squads  of  less  than  four  or  eight 
men  at  a  time.  Hence  it  is  important  that  the  men 
should  fix  and  keep  their  attention  upon  the  instructor, 
who  ought,  as  far  as  possible,  to  add  example  to  precept 
in  all  of  his  instructions. 

In  all  the  following  exercises  to  ^  67,  the  recruit  is  su]V' 
posed  to  be  without  arms.  Aftev  he  is  taught  thje-use  oi 
arms,  the  loadings  and  firings,  he  should  lie  well  exer- 
cised icith  arms  in  the  whole  of  the  squad-drill,  before 
proceeding  to  the  movements  of  company-drill. 

Position  of  the  Soldier. 

?  1.  Heels  on  the  same  line  and  as  close  together  a<3 
the  conformation  of  the  man  will  permit,  the  feet  turned 
out  equally  and  forming  with  each  other  something- 
less  than  a  right  angle  ;  knees  straight  without  stitf-^ 
ness ;  body  erect  on  the  hips,  inclining  a  little  forward  ; 
shoulders  square  and  falling  equally  ;  arms  hanging  nat- 
urally ;  elbows  near  the  body;  palms  of  the  hands 
turned  a  little  to  the  front,  the  little  fingers  behind  the 
seam  of  the  pantaloons;  head  erect  and  square  to  the 
fl'ont,  without  constraint ;  chin  a  little  drawn  in  ;  eyes 
fixed  straight  to  the  front  and  striking  ,tlie  ground  about 
the  distance  of  fifteen  paces. 

1,  Eyes-RIGHT,     2.  FRONT, 

§  2.  At  the  word  right,  turn  the  head  gently  to  the 
right,  so  as  to  bring  the  inner  corner  of  the  left  eye  in 
a  line  with  the  centre  of  the  body,  the  eye  fixed  on  tbo 
line  of  the  eyes  of  the  men  in,  or  supposed  to-be  in, 
^he  same  rank.  At  the  word  front,  resume  the  direct^ 
position. 


S  THE    SQUAD. 

The  movomentof  <'y<?s-i,EFT  will  be  exocnled  by  inverse 
■neans. 

The  instructor  v/ill  take  o^re  that  the  movement  of 
ihe  head  does  not  derannre  the  squareness  of  the  should 
ders. 

•      REST, 

§  3.  4t  the  command  rest,  stand  at  ease, 

1,  Atteiitioi).     «.  Sai^AD, 

§  4.  At  the  first  word,  the  recruit  will  fix  his  atten-r 
lion ;  at  the  se'^.ond,  he  will  re.sumo  the  prescribed  po-? 
&ition  and  steadiness. 

FACINGJN. 
1.  gauad.    2.  Rio-ht  (ur  J.eft)-FACE. 

§  5.  At  the  second  command,  raise  the  right  foot 
glightly,  turn  to  the  right  (or  left,)  on  the  left  heel, 
raising  the  toe  a  little,  and  then  replace  the  right  heel,  by 
the  side  of  the  left,  and  on  the  same  line. 

fro:p^t. 

§  6.  Turn  on  the  left  heel  so  as  to  regain  the  first 
position,  and  replace  the  right  heel  by  the  side  of  the 
left. 

Ij    Squad.     2.  ABOUT-FACE.  'T 

S  7.  At  the  word  about,  turn  on  the  left  heel,  bring  the 
left  toe  to  the  frqnt,  carry  the  right  foot  to  the  rear,  the 
hollow  opposite  to  and  full  three  inches  from  the  left  heel, 
the  feet  square  to  each  other.  At  the  word,/c<cp,  turn  on 
both  heels,  raise  the  toes  a  little,  extend  the  thighs  and 
face  to  the  rear,  bringing,  at  the  same  time,  the  right  heel 
by  the  side  of  the  left, 

"  The  men  shquld  take  cire  that  the^c  motions  do   not 
derange  the  erect  position  of  the  body. 

The  Direct  Step, 

§  8.  The  direct  step,  or  pace,  in  common  time,  is  twenty- 
eight  inches,  reckoning  from  heel  to  heel,  and  at  the  rate 
j:if  ?lii)ety  in  a  npnute. 


THE   SQUAD.  9 

1,  Squad,  forward,    3.  Common  time.    3.  "MARCH. 

•  ^  9.  At  flie  first  command,  feel  the  weight  of  the  body 
on  the  right  leg,  without  bending  the  left  knee.  At  the 
comm^hd  March,  step  off  with  the  left  foot,  carrying  it 
straight  forward  twenty-eight  inches  from  the  right,  the 
sole  near  the  ground,  the  ham  extended,  the  toe  a  little 
depressed,  and,  as  also  the  knee,  slightly  turned  out;  at 
the  same  time,  throw  the  weight  of  the  body  forward, 
and  plant  flat  .the  left  foot,  without  shock,  precisely  at 
the  distance  where  it  finds  itself  from  the  right,  when 
the  weight  of  the  body  is  brought  forward,  the  Avhole  of 
which  will  now  rest  on  the  advanced  foot.  Next,  in  like 
manner,  advance  the  right  foot  and  plant  it  as  above, 
the  heel  twenty-ei'ght  inches  from  the  heel  of  the  left 
foot,  and  thus  continue  to  march,  without  crossing  the 
legs,  or  striking  the  one  against  the  other,  without  turn- 
ing the  shoulders,  and  preserving  always  the  face  direct 
to  the  front. 

1.  Squad.     2.   HAI.T. 

§  10.  At  the  word  halt,  which  will  be  pronounced  at 
the  instant  when  either  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  the 
foot  in  the  rear  will  be  brought  up,  and  planted  by  the 
side  of  the  other,  without  shock. 

The  Cluick  Step. 

§11.  The  principles  of  the  step  in  quick  time  are  the 
same  as  for  common  time,  but  its  swiftness  is  at  the  rate 
of  one  hundred  and  ten  steps  per  minute.  As  soon  as 
the  recruit  has  acquired  steadiness  ;  has  become  estab- 
lished in  the  manual  of  arms,  and  in  the  mechanism, 
length,  and  swiftness  of  the  step  in  common  time,  he  will 
be  practiced  only  in  quick  time,  the  double  quick,  and  the 
run.  The  instructor  wishing  the  squad  to  march  in  quick 
time,  will  command, 

1.  Squad,    forward.     2,  MARCH. 

§  12.  At  the  command  march,  the  squad  will  step  off 
and  continue  to  march  in  quick  time.*'' 

*  When  the  time  is  not  indicated  in  the  preparatory  com" 
maud,  the  squad  will  always  step  off  in  quick  time. 


10  THE    SQUAD. 

The  pouble  quick  step. 

>§  13.  The  length  ot  the  double  quick  step  is  Thirty-three 
inches,  and  its  sv/iftness  at  the  rate  of  one  hundred  and 
yixty-five  step.-;  per  minute. 

1.  Double  qnick  step.    2.  MARCH. 

^  14.  At  the  first  command,  raise  the  hands  to  a  level 
with  the  hips,  the  hands  closed,  the  nails  toward  the  body, 
the  elbows  to  the  rear. 

^  la.  At  the  second  command,  raise  to  th.e  front  the 
left  leg  bent  to  its  greatest  elevation,  that  part  between 
the  knee  and  the  instep  vertical,  the  toe  depressed;  re- 
place the  foot  in  its  former  position  ;  execute  with  the 
right  leg  ichat  has  just  heen  ^>r<3,scri&<3(Z  for  the  left,  and 
continue  the  alternate  movement  of  the  legs  until  the 
command, 

1.  Squad.    2.    HALT. 

§  16.  At  the    command   hMt,  bring  the  foot    which  is 
raised  by  the  side  of  the  other,  drop  the   hands  and  re- 
sume the  position  of  the  soldier. 
1.  Squad,  forward.    2.   Double  quick.    3.  M\|ICH. 

§  17.  At  the  first  commaAid,  throw  the  weight  of  the 
body  on  the  right  leg.  At  the  second,  place  the  arms 
us  indicated  in  ^  14.  At  third,  carry  forward  the  left  foot, 
the  leg  slightly  bent,  the  knee  rais«d,  plant  the  left  foot, 
the  toe  first,  thirty-three  inches  irom  the  right,  and  with 
the  right  foot  execute  what  has  just  been  prescribed  for 
the  left.  The  weight  of  the  body  should  be  thrown  upon 
the  foot  that  is  planted,  and  the  men  should  breathe  as 
mucli  as  possible  through  the  nose,  keeping  the  mouth 
closed. 

The  Run. 

^  18.  The  principles  of  the  run  are  the  same  as  for  the 
double  quick  step,  the  only  difference  consisting  in  a 
greater  degree  of  .swiftness.^' 

-To  obtain  with  accuracy  the  cadence  qI"  difference  steps, 
the  pendulum  or  metronome  must  be  employed. 

In  our  latitude,  the  pendulum,  to  vibrate  cuniraon,  fime,  should 
be  17.37  inches  in  length;  to  vibrate  qaichtlme,  11. G3  inches  iu 
length;  aiid  to  vibrate  douhle quick  time,  5.17  inches  in  length. 


THE    SQUAO.  I  I. 


§  19.  Six  or  eight  men  sliOiild  be  united  in  one  rank, 
elbow  to  elbow,  and  nnmbcred  from  riglit  to  left  in  order 
to  be  tanght  the  principles  of  alignment,  or  dressing  on 
aline.  The  instructor  will  at  first' teach  them  to  align 
tlicmselves  man  by  man  ;  to  tiiis  end  he  will  command 
the  two  men  on  the  right  ilank  to  march  two  paces  to 
the  front,  and  having  aligned  them,  ho  will  caution  the 
remainder  of  the  squad  to  move  uj)  as  they  may  be  buc- 
eessively  called,  each  by  his  number,  and  align  them.- 
selves  successively  on  tlie  line  of  the  first  two  men. 

§  20.  Each  man,  as  designated  by  his  number,  will  turn 
the  head  and  eyes  to  the  right  as  prescribed  in  §  2,  and 
will  march  in  quick  time  two  paces  forward,  shortening 
the  last  so  as  to  find  himself  about  six  inches  behind  the 
new  alignment,  which  he  ought  never  to  pass  ;  he  will 
next  move  up  steadily  by  steps  of  two  or  three  inches,  the 
thighs  extended,  to  the  side  of  the  man  next  to  him  on 
the  alignment,  so  that,  without  deranging  the  head,  the 
line  of  the  eyes,  or  that  of  the  shoulders,  he  may  find 
himsel-f  in  the  exact  line  of  his  neiglibor,  whose  elbow'hc 
will  lightly  touch  w'ithout  opening  his  own. 

The  instructor  seeing  the  rank  well  aligned,  will  com- 
mand : 

FRONT. 

^  21.  At  this  the  men  will  turn  iheir  eyes  to  the  front 
and  remain  firm. 

§  22.  Alignments  to  the  left  will  be  executed  on  the 
same  principles. 

"When  the  men  shall  have  thus  learned  to  align  them- 
selves man  by  man  cori'ectly,  the  instructor  will  cause  the 
entire  rank  to  align  itself  at  once  by  the  command: 
Riglit  (or  lcft)-DRESJ^, 

§  23.  At  this,  the  rank,  except  the  two  men  placed  as  a 
basis  of  alignment,  will  move  up  in  quick  time,  and  place 
themselves  on  the  neAv  line  as  prescribed  in  §  20. 

The  instructor  seeing  the  rank  aligned  will  command  : 
FRO  XT. 

§  24.  Alignments  to  the  rear  will  be  executed  on  the 
same  principles,  the  men' stepping  back  a  little  beyond 


12  THE   SQUAD.       . 

tlic  line  and  then  dressing  up  by  steps  of  two  or  three 

inches  as  jircscribed  in  §  20,  the  instructor  commanding : 

Fight  (or  left)  backward-DRILSS, 

To  march  to  the   front, 

§  25.  The  rank  being  aligned,  when  tlic  instructor 
shall  wish  to  cause  it  to  march  by  the  front,  lie  will  place  a 
\vell-instructed  man  on  the  right  or  left  according  to  the 
.side  on  which  he  may  wish  the  guide  to  be,  and  command; 
1.  Squad,  forward.  Guide  right  (or  left.)  3.  MARCH. 

§  26.  At  the  word  march,  the  rank  will  step  oti'])rompt" 
ly  with  the  left  foot ;  the  guide  should  take  care  to  march 
straight  to  the  front  ;  the  men  should  touch  lightly  the- 
elbow  toward  the  side  of  the  guide,  be  careful  not  to  open 
out  the  left  elbow  nor  the  right  arm,  yield  to  p;cssurc 
coming  from  the  side  of  the  guide,  and  resist  that  coming 
from  the  opposite  side,  keep  the  head  direct  to  the  front, 
no  matter  on  wliich  side  the  guide  may  be,  and  if  found 
before  or  behind  the  alignment,  shorten  or  lengthen  the 
step  by  degrees,  almost  ins'ensiblc,  until  the  fault  is  cor- 
rected. 

To  March   Obliquely. 

The  squad  being  in  march,  the  instructor  desiring  them 
to  march  obliquely,  will  command: 

1.  Right  (or  left)  Oblique.     2.  MARCH. 

§  27.  At  the  second  command,  each  man  will  make  a 
half  face  to  the  right  (or  le'l,)  and  will  then  march 
straight  forward  in  the  new  direction.  As  the  men  no 
longer  touch  elbows,  they  will  glance  along  the  shoulders 
of  the  nearest  files  toward  the  side  to  which  they  are  ob- 
liquing, and  will  regulate  theirstepsso  that  theshoulders 
shall  always  be  behind  thatof  their  next  neighbor  on  that 
side,  and  that  his  head  shall  conceal  the  heads  of  the 
other  men  in  the  rank.  The  n^en  should  preserve  the 
same  length  of  pace  and  the  same  degree  of  obliquity. 

Tlie  instructor  wishing  to  resume  the  primitive  direc- 
tion, will  command : 

1.  Forward.    2.  3IARCH. 

§  28.  At  the  second  command,  each  man  will  make  a 
half  face  to  the  left  (or  right,)  and  all  will  then  march 
straight  to  the  front  as  in  the  direct  march. 


THE   SQUAD,  13 

The  squad  being  at  a  halt,  if  the  instructor  should 
Avish  to  inarch  it  in  the  back  step,  he  will  command: 

1.  Squad,    backward.    2.   Guide  right  (or  left). 
3.   MARCH. 

§  29,  At  the  command  7;2rtrc;7i,  step  off  smartly 'with 
the  left  loot  fourteen  inches  to  the  rear,  and  so  on  with 
the  feet  in  succession,  the  head  direct  to  the  front,  touch- 
ing the  elbow  toward  the  guide  and  yielding  to  pressure 
from  that  side,  until  the  command  halt.  At  this  com- 
mand bring  the  loot  in  froivtby  the  side  of  the  other. 
To  mark  lime. 

The  squad  marching  in  the  direct  step  in  common  or 
quick  time,  the  instructor  will  command : 
1.  Mark  time.    2.  MARCH. 

^  30.  At  the  second  command,  which  will  be  given  at 
the  instant  either  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  make  a 
semblance  of  marching,  by  advancing  first  one  foot,  and 
then  the  other,  always  bringing  back  the  advanced  foot 
and  placing  its  heel  by  the  side  of  the  heel  of  the  other. 
1.  Change    step.  2.    MARCH.  . 

§  31.  At  the  second  command,  given  at  the  instant 
either  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  bring  up  quickly 
the  foot  in  the  rear  to  the  side  of  that  just  come  to  the 
ground,  and  step  off  with  the  latter. 

1.  Squad,  right   about.  2.    MARCH. 

§  32.  At  the  command  marc\  which  will  be  given  at 
the  instant  the  left  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  bring 
this  foot  to  the  ground,  and  turning  on  it  face  to  the  rear, 
then  place-^  the  right  foot  in  the  new  direction, and  step  off 
with  the  le'ft  foot. 

If  the  squad  be  marching  and  the  instructor  should 
wish  to  bring  it  to  a  halt  and  faced  to  the  rear,  he  will 
command : 

1.  Squad,   right   about.   2.  HAIiT. 

§33.  At  the  command  A(^Z^,  which  will  be  given  as 
the  left  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  bring  this  foot  to 
the  ground  and  turning  on  it  face  to  the  iv-ar,  thtn  bring 
the  right  foot  to  the  side  of  the  left. 


14  THE    SQITAD. 

Tlic  squad  being  at  lialt,  the  ins(ructor  wisliing  to 
move  it  to  tlio  riglit  on  the  same  line,  will  command : 
1.  Sidestep  to  the  right.  2  MARCH. 
§  34.  At  the  f^econd  command,  each  man  will  glance 
hh  eyes  to  the  right,  and  at  the  same  time  cany  his 
right  foot  about  ten  inches  to  the  right,  and  instantly 
bring  up  his  lei't  foot,  and  soon,  the  whole  wuth  perfect 
precision  of  time,  shoulders  square  to  the  front,  and  each 
man  perceptildy  halting,  when  he  has  closed  on  the 
fixed  point,  or  on  the  man  next  to  him.  Thus  continues 
until  the  command  :    . 

1.  Squad.    2     HALT. 
§  35.     At  the  second  command,  bring  u]"*  the  left  foot 
to  the  side  of  the  right,  and  stand  firm. 

§  3G.  Change  of  iiosition  l)y  side  stejy  to  tliehft  will  be 
executed  on  the  same  principles  by  inverse  means. 
To  march  by  the  ilaiilc. 
§  37.  The  rank  being  at  a  halt  and  correctly  aligned, 
the  instructor  will  command  : 
Count  Twos. 
^  88.  At  this  command  the  men  count  from  right  to 
left,  pronouncing  in  a  loud   and  distinct  voice,   in   the 
same  tone,  without  hurry,  and  without  turning  the  head, 
ove,  two,  according  to  the  place  which  each   occupies. 
1.  Squad,  right-FACE.    3.  Forward.  3.  MARCH. 
I  39.  At  the  command  face,  the  squad  will  face   to 
the  right :  the  even  numbered  men,  after  facing  to  the 
right,  will  step  quickly  to  the  side  of  the  odd  numbered 
men,  the  latter  standing  fast,  so  that  when   the  move- 
ment is  executed,  the  men  will  be  formed  into  files  of 
two  men  abreast. 

I  40.  At  the  command,  mnrcli,  the  squad  v^ill  step  off 
smartly  with  the  left  foot;  the  files  keeping  aligned  and 
preserving  their  intervals. 

§  41.  To  march  by  the  left  flank  will  be  executed  by 
the  same  command,  substituting'  the  word  left  for  right 
and  by  inverse  means  ;  in  this  case  the  even  numbered 
men,  ^fter  facing  to  the  left,  will^stand  fast,  andthe  odd 
numbered  wmII  place  themselves  on  their  left. 


THE   SQUAD.  15 

1.  Squad.     3'  HAft.     3.  FRONT. 

§  43.  At  the  second  command,  the  squad  will  h,alt,  and 
fifterwards  no  man  will  stir,  although  he  may  have  lost 
his  distance. 

§  43.  At  the  third  command,  each  man  will  front  by 
facinn;  to  the  left,  if  marching  by  he  right  flank,  and  by  a 
face  to  the  right,  if  marching  by  the  left  flank.  The  rear 
rank  men  will  at  the  same  time  move  quickly  into  their 
places,  so  as  to 'form  the  squad  again  into  one  rank. 

To  change  direction  by  file,  the  instructor  will  com- 
mand : 

1.  By  tile  left  (or  right).    2.  MARCH. 

§  '44.  At  the  command  march,  the  first  file  will  change 
direction  to  the  left  (or  right)  in  describing  a  small  arc  of 
a  circle,  and  will  then  march  straight  forwaixl :  the  two 
men  of  this  fiie  in  wheeling  will  keep  up  the  touch  of  the 
elbows,  and  the  man  on  the  side  to  which  the  wheel  is 
made,  will  shorten  the  first  three  or  four  steps.  Each 
file  will  come  successively  to  wheel  on  the  same  spot 
where  that  vrhich  preceeded  it  wheeled.  To  face  by  the 
right  or  left  flank  in  marching,  the  command  is, 

1.  Squad  by  the  right  (or  left)  flank.     2.  MARCH. 

§  45.  At  the  command  march,  which  will  be  given  as 
cither  foot  is  coming  to  the  ground,  the  men  will  turn 
the  body,  plant  the  foot  that  is  raised,,  in  the  new  direc- 
tion, and  step  off  with  the  other  foot  Without  altering  the 
cadence  of  the  step;  the  men  will  double  or  undouble 
rapidly.      -  - 

§  40.  If  in  facing  by  the  right  or  left  flank,  the  squad 
should  fiice  to  the  lear,  'the  men  will  come  into  one  rank 
agreeabl}^  to  the  principles  above  indicated  in  §  43.  Ob- 
serve, that  the  men  who  are  in  rear,  always  move  up  to 
form  into  single  rank,  and  in  such  manner  ds  never  to  in- 
vert tiie  order  of  the  numbers  in  the  rank. 

§  47.  If  when  the  squad  has  been  faced  to  the  rear,  the 
instructor  should  cause  it  to  face  by  the  left  flank,  it  is 
the  even  number  v>"ho  will  double  by  moving  to  the  left 
of  the  odd  numbers;  but  if  by  the  right  flank,  it  is  the  odd 
numbers  who  will  double  to  the  right  of  the  even  numbers. 


16  THE    SQUAD. 

.  §  48."  Whenever  the  instructor  desires  the  men  to 
march  in  one  rank,  he  will  caution  them  not  to  double 
files. 

\vhf:ei.1]sgs. 

§  49,  Wheelings  are  of  two  kinds ;  from  IiaUs  or  on  fixed 
pivots,  and  in  march  or  on  movable  pivots. 

§  50.  Wheeling  on  a  fixed  pivot,  takes  place  in  passing 
a  corps  fiom  the  order  in  battle  to  the  order  in  column, 
or  from  the  latter  to  the  former. 

§  51.  Wheels  in  marching  take  place  in  changes  of 
dir action  in  column,  as  oftt^n  as  this  movement  is  execut- 
ed to  the  side  opposite  to'tlie  guide, 

§  52.  In  wheels  from  a  halt  the  pivot  man  only  turns 
in  his  place,  without  advancing  or  receding. 

§  58.  In  the  wheels  in  marching,  the  pivot  man  takes 
steps  of  full  nine  inches,  to  clear  the  wheeling  point  be- 
fore the  next  subdivision  arrives  on  the  same  ground, 
which  is  necessary  in  order  that  the  succeeding  subdi- 
visions may  not  lose  their  distances  by  being  delayed. 

§  54,  In  both  cases,  the  man  on  the  wheeling  flank  will 
always  take  the  full  pace  of  twenty-eight  inches. 

Wheeling  from  a  halt,  or  on  a  fixed  pivot. 

The  rank  being  at  halt,  the  instructor  will  jdace  a  well- 
instructed  man  on  the  wheeling  Hank  to  conduct  it,  and 
then  command  : 

1.  By  Squail,  right  Avheel.    2.  MARCH. 

§  55.  At  the  command  onarch,  the  rank  w  ill  step  off 
with  the  left  foot,  turning  at  the  same  time  the  head  a 
little  to  the  left,  the  eyes  fixed  on  the  line  of  the  eyes  of 
the  men  to  the  left;  the  pivot  man  will  merely  mark  time 
in  gradufdly  turning  his  bod}^,  in  order  to  confirm  him- 
self to  the  movement  of  the  marching  fiaidc ;  the  man 
who  conducts  this  fiank,  will  take  steps  of  twenty-eight 
inches,  and  from  the  first  step  advance  a  litllc  the  left 
{■boulder,  cast  his  eyes  from  time  to  time  along  the  rank, 
and  feel  constantly  the  elbow  of  the  next  man  lightly, 
but  never  push  him. 

^  56.  The  other  men  will  feel  lightly  the   elbows  of 


THE    SQUAD.  17 

the  next  man  tovvard  the  pivot,  resist  pressure  coming 
from  tlic  opposite  side,  and  each  will  conform  himself  to 
the  marching  flank — slioriening  his  step  accordhig  to 
his  approximation  to  the  pivot. 

The  instructor  will  make  the  rank  wheel  round  the 
circle  once  or  tpioe  before  halting,  in  order  to  cause  the 
principles  to  be  better  understood,  and  he  will  be  watch- 
ful that  the  centre  does  not  break. 

^  57.  The  wheel  to  the  leit  will  be  executed  accord- 
ing to  the  same  principles.  To  arrest  the  wheel,  the 
instructor  will  command: 

1.  J^quad.    2.  HAI.T, 

g  5B.  At  the  second  command,  the  rank  will  halt  and 
no  n}{xn  stir.  The  instructor  going  to  the  flank  opposite 
to  the  pivot,  will  place  the  two  outer  men  of  that  flank 
in  the  direction  he  may  wish  to  give  the  rank,  taking 
care  to  leave  between  them  and  the  pivot  only  the  space 
necessary  to  contain  the  other  men.  He  will  then  coni' 
mand : 

I.eft  (or  right)  DRESS, 

§  50.  At  this  the  rank  will  place  itself  on  the  align* 
ment  of  the  two  men  established  as  the  basis  in  con^ 
formity  with  the  princijjles  prescribed  in  ^20. 

§  60.  The  instructor  will  next  comniand  Front,  which 
win  be  executed  as  prescribed  in  §  21. 
Wheeling"  in  mgrching',    or    on    g,    moveable  pivot? 
The  rank  being  in   march,   the    instructor  will   com? 
jnand  : 

1.  Right  (or  left)  wheel.     2,  MARCH, 

§  61.  The  first  command  will  be  given  when  the  rank 
is  yetfou?'  paces  from  the  wheeling  point. 

§  C2.  At  the  second  command,  the  wheel  will  be  exe^ 
cuted  in  the  same  manner  as  from  a  halt,  except  that 
the  touch  of  the  elbow  will  remain  toward  the  march:^ 
ing  flank  (or  side  of  the  guide)  instead  the  side  of  tha 
actual  pivot ;  that  the  pivot  man,  instead  of  merely 
turnifig  in  his  place,  will  conform  himself  to  the  move- 
ment of  the  marching  flank,  feel  lightly  the  elbow  of 
|,he  ne.\t  niarj,  take  stcpa  of  ful}  niqe  incheSj  D,m\  thus 


JS  THE- SQUAD. 

g.-iin  ffroniKUorwai'd  in  clescribiiio-  an  arc  of  a  small 
circles  to  clear  the  point  of  tlie  wheel.  The  iniddle  of 
the  rank  will  bend  slightly  to  the  rear.  As  soon  as  the 
movement  shall  commence,  the  man  who  conducts  the 
marching-  flank  will  cast  his  eyes  on  the  ground  over 
which  ho  will  have  to  pass. 

The  wheel  being  ended,  the  instructor  will  command: 

1,  Forward.    2.  RfARCH. 

§  03.  The  first  command  will  be  pronounced  when 
four  paces  are  yet  required  to  complete  the  change  of 
direction. 

§  04.  At  the  command  mnrch,  which  will  be  given 
at  the  in.stant  of  completing  the  wheel,  the  man  wlio 
conducts  the  marching  ilank  (or  guide)  will  direct 
himself  straight  forward;  the  pivot  man  and  all  the 
Vank  will  retake  the  stop  of  tweiity-eight  inchcSj  and 
bri))g  the  head  direct  to  thp  front, 
TURN  INC  J. 

To  change  direction  to  Ihc  side  of  the  guide  in  march- 
ing, the  instructor  will  command  : 

1,  teft  (or  rig-ht)"  turn.    2»  MARCH, 

§  05.  The  first  command  will  be  given  when  the. rank 
is  yd  four  paces  from  the  turning  point. 

§  00.  At  tlie  comtnand  march,  to  be  pronounced  at 
the  instant  the  rank  ought  to  turn,  the  guide  will  face 
the  left  (or  right)  in  marching,  and  moy.e.  forward  in 
the  new,direct'ion  without  slackening  or  quitSltening  th« 
cadence  (n^te  of  march),  and  without  shortening  or 
lengthening  the  Step.  The  whole  rank  will  promptly 
conform  itself  to  the  new  direction;  to  eflbot  which, 
each  man  will  advance  the  shoulder  opposite  to  the 
guide,  take  the  double  quick  step,  to  carry  himself  in 
flie  new  direction,  turn  the  head  and  eyes  to  the  side  oi 
the  guide,  and  retake  the  touch  of  the  elbow  on  that 
side  in  placing  himself  on  the  alignment  of  the  guide, 
from  whom  he  will  take  the  step,  and  then  resume  the 
direct  positii)n,of  the  head.  Each  man  will  thus  arrive 
successively  on  the  alignment. 


THE    SOUAD,  19 


MANUAL  OF  ABMS. 


§  G7.  The  manual  of  arms  should  be  taught  to  two  men 
placed  at  first  side  l)}^  side  in  one  rank,  elbow  to  elbow, 
and  next  in  a  single  file,  that  is,  one  behind  the  other. 
Each  command  is  executed  in  one  time  (or  j)ause),  and  is 
divided  into  motions.  The  rate  (or  swiftness)  of  each  mo- 
tion,  except  the  motions  relative  to  the  cartridge,  to  the 
rammer,  and  to  the  fixing  and  unfixing  of  the  bayonet,  is 
tixed  at  the  ninetieth  part  of  a  mimitc;  but  the  motions 
here  cxcc^^ted  should  be  executed  with  promptness  and  re- 
gularit3\  As  soon  as  tlie  men  shall  well  comprehend  the 
positions  of  the  several  motions,  they  will  be  taught  to  ex- 
ecute the  time  Avithout  resting  on  the  motions. 

Position  of  Shoulder  Arms. 

§  08.  The  piece  in  the  left  hand,  the  arm  but  a  very  little 
bent,  the  elbow  back,  near  the  bod}^  the  palm  of  the  hand 
pressing  on  the  outer  edge  of  the  butt  on  the  upper  joints 
of  the  fingers,  (the  inner  edge  on  the  lower  joints,  and  tho 
ends  inside,)  the  heel  of  the  butt  between  the  fore  and 
middle  fingers,  the  thumb  on  the  front  screws  of  the  butt^ 
plate  the  remaining  fingers  under  the  butt,  the  butt  more  or 
less  kept  back,  according  to  the  oonformation  of  the  man, 
so  that  the  piece  seen  from  the  frx)nt  (or  side)  sliall  appear 
perpendicular,  and  also  that  the  movement  of  the  thigh, 
in  marching,  may  not  raise  it,  or  ca.iise  it  to  waver;  tho 
gtock  below  the  tail  band  resting  against  the  hollow  of  tho 
shoulder,  just  within  the  joint,  the  right  arm  hanging  nat= 
in*ally  as  in  the  position  of  the  soldier. 

Present- ARM^,  [Tico  motions.'] 

§  69.  First.  Turn  the  piece  with  the  left  hand,  tlie  look 
out,  seize  the  small  at  the  same  time  with  the  right  hand, 
the  piece  perpendicular  and  detached  from  the  shoulder, 
the  left  hand  remaining  under  the  butt. 

§  70.  Second.  Complete  the  turning  inwards  of  the  pi'eco 
go  as  to  bring  it  erect  before  the  centre  of  the  body,  the 
rammer  to  the  front,  the  right  hand  under  and  against  the 
guard ;  seize  it  smartly  at  the  same  time  with  the  left  hand 
ftboyethe  lock,  the  thiiinb  extended  along  the  baml  ^nd  on 


^0  TUE    SQUAD. 

the  stQck,  the  lo)-e-arn)  resting  on  the  boily  witliout  con- 
straint, and  the  hand  at  theheight  of    the  elbow? 

Shoulder-ARMS.    [T/oo  motions.'] 

§  71.  First.  Turn  the  piece  with  the  right  hand,  the 
V)arrcl  out;  (with  thethun)b  on  tlie  S  phite,  and  the  fore» 
finger  against  the  cock,)  raise  find  support  it  against  the 
left  shoulder  with  the  right  hand,  drop  the  left  hand  under 
the  butt,  the  rjght  hand  resting  on,  without  grasping  the 
small. 

{j  72.  Second.  J)rop  quickly  the  right  Imnd  into  its 
position, 

Order- ARMS.     \Two  motwng.l 

§  78.  First.  Drop  tlie  piece  suiartly  by  extending  the 
left  arm,  seize  it  at  the  same  time  with  the  right  hand  above 
apd  near  the  t!ijl  band;  (without  the  least  pause.)  quit  the 
hold  of  the  left  hand,  and  carry  the  piece  opposite  to  the 
vight  shouldci',  the  rammer  in  front,  the  little  linger  behind 
the  barrel,  the  right  hand  supported  against  the  hip,  this 
butt  three  inches  from  the  ground,  the  piece  erect,  tlie  left 
hand  hanging  by  the  side. 

§  74.  Second.  Let  the  piece  slip  through  the  right  hand 
to  the  ground  without  shock,  and  take  the  following  posi^ 
tion  : 

Po*itJQn  of    Order- Arms. 

§  75.  The  hand  low,  the  barrel  between  the  thumb  and 
forelinger  extended  along  tlie  stock ;  the  other  Angers  Q-iir 
tended  and  pined ;  the  muzzle  about  two  inches  from  th,e 
right  shoulder;  the  rammer  in  front;  tKe  foe  |or  beak)  of 
the  butt,  against  and  in  a  line  ^yith,  the  toe  of  the  right 
foot,  the  barrel  porpciidicular. 

Shoulder- ARMS.    [  Two  motions,'] 

§  7G.  First,  liaise  smartly  the  piece  with  the  right  han.d, 
carry  it  against  the  left  shoulder,  so  as  to  bring  the  barrel 
\.o  the  front ;  place  at  the  same  time  the  left  hand  under 
fhe  butt,  and  ylip  the  right  hand  down  to  the  hammer. 

§  77,  Second,  Let  fall  smartly  the  right  hand  into  its 
position. 

Support- ARi>iS.     [Three  motions.] 

§  73    First,  W/th  i\](i  right  liand  seize  thg  siig/j,ll  of  \\ig 


TPIE   SQUAD.  21 

stock  four  iiiclies  below  the  lock,  raising  a  little,   but  not 
turning  the  piece, 

§  79.  Second.  Take  the  left  hand  from  the  butt,  extend  the 
left  forearm  upward  across  the  body,  under  the  cock,  the 
hand  flat  on  the  right  breast. 

§  80.  Thrid.  Drop  the  right  hand  smartly  into  its  posi- 
tion. 

Carrj'-ARMS.     [ThrtQ  motions.'] 

§  81.  Firt.  Qm'vj  quickly  the  right  hand    to  the  small. 

§.82.  Second.  Place  quickly  tlio  left  hand  upon  the 
butt. 

§  83.  TJiird.  Let  fall  smartly  the  right  hand  into  its 
position,  and  drop  Aviththe  left,  at  the  same  time,  the 
piece  into  the  position  of  shoulder  arms. 

Uiiflx-BAYONET.     [Three  motions.] 

§  84.  First.  Drop  the  piece  by  a  smart  extension  of  the 
left  arm,  seize  it  with  the  right  hand  above  and  near  the 
tail  band, 

§  85.  Second.  Drop  the  piece  with  the  right  hand  along 
the  left  thigh,  seize  it  with  the  left  hand  above  the  right, 
lengthen  out  the  left  arm,  rest  the  butt  on  the  ground 
without  shock,  and  carry  at  the  same  time  the  right  hand 
to  the  bayonet;  with  the  thumb,  turn  the  cJasp  against 
the  stop,''  seize  the  bayonet  at  tho  socket  and  shank, 
so  that  the  lower  end  of  the  socket  may  be  about  an  inch 
below  the  heel  of  the  palm,  and  that  in  Arresting  off  the  ba}'- 
onet,  the  thumb  may  be  extended  on  the  blade. 

§  86.   Third.  Wrest    off  the    bayonet,  return  it  to  the 
scabbard,  place  immediatel.y  the*  right   little  finger  on  the 
butt  of  the  rammer,  loAverthe  lelt    hand  along  the  barrel, 
extending  the  arm,  without  depressing  the  shoulder. 
Slioulder-ARMS.    [T/o'te  motions.] 

§  87.  First.  Raise  the  piece  with  tlie  left  hand  along  the 
left  side,  the  hand  at  the  height  of  the  ehin,  tlie  forearm 
touching  the  piece,  the  barrel  to  the  front;  drop  at  the  same 
time  the  right  hand  to  seize  the  piece  a  little  above  the 
small,  the  forefinger  touching  the  cock,  and  the  thumb  on 
the  vS  plate. 

*  If  the  bayonets  have  no  clasps,  of  course  omit  this. 


2^  THE    SQUAD. 

§  S8.  Srrorid.  Piaisc  the  piece  with  the  right  hand,  drop 
lliG  left  and  place  it  under  the  butt,  support  the  piece  with 
the  right  hand  against  the  yhpiilder,  in  the  position  of  shoul- 
der anns,  the  right  hand  resting  on  without  grasping  the 
piece. 

§  89.  Third.  Let  fall  smartly  the  right  hand  into  its  po- 
.sition. 

Secure-ARMS.     [Two  moti/jns.'] 

§  90.  First.  Seize  quickly  the  piece  with  the  right  hand, 
the  thumb  on  the  S  plate,  and  the  forefinger  against  the 
cock  ;  at  the  same  instant  detach  the  piec-c  from  the  shoul- 
<kn-,  the  barrel  to  the  front,  seize  it  at  the  tail  band  with  the 
left  iiand,  the  thumb  extended  on  flie  rammer,  the  piece 
erect,  oppociite  the  shoulder,  the  left  elbow  on  the  piece. 

§  91.  Second.  Keversc  the  piece,  pass  it  under  the  left 
arm,  the  left  hand  remaining  at  the  tail  band,  the  thumb  on 
the  rammer,  the  little  finger  resting  against  the  hip,  and  the 
right  hand  falling,  at  the  same  time,  into  its  position. 

Shoulder- ARMS.  \_Tu)o  motions.] 
§  02.  First.  Raise  the  piece  with  the  left  hand,,  (but  not 
too  suddenly,  lest  the  rammer  should  liy  out,)  seize  the  smalt 
with  the  right  hand  to  support  it  against  the  shoulder,  quit 
tlio  hold  af  the  loft  hand,  and  place  quickly  this  hand  under, 
the  butt. 

§  93.  Second.  Let  fall  smartly  the  right  hand  into  its 
position  ;  drop  at  the  same  time  the  piece  into  the  position. 
<jf  shoulder  arms. 

Fix-BAYO\ET.     [T/ore  motions,] 

§  94.  First.  As  in  unjix  laijonet,  §  84. 

§  95.  Second.  As  in  w;/^.c  Jcn/^^cf,  §  85,  except  that  the 
riglit  hand  will  go  to  the  scabbard,  to  seize  the  bayonet  by 
the  socket  and  shank,  so  that  tlie  lower  (now  upixn-)  end  of 
the  socket  shall  extend  about  an  inch  above  the  heel  of  the 
palm. 

§  \)i'>.  Third.  Draw  the  bayonet  from  the  scabbard,  carry 
and  fix  it  on  the  muzzle,  tuiiiing  the  clasp  towards  the 
body  with  the   right  thumb:  place  immediately  the  little 


THE  SQUAD.  '  SH 

fiiin-er  on  the  head  of  the  rammer,  lower  the  left  hand 
alono-  the  barrel,  extending  the  arm  without  depressing 
the  shoulder. 

Shoulder- AT  j^   ,     [Three  motions.] 

§  97.  First,  Ser.ond,  ana  Third,  as  in  Shoulder  arms 
from  Unfiv  bayonet. 

Charg-c-BAYONET.     [lu-o  motions.'] 

§  98.  Firs',  Make  a  liaU"  face  to  the  right  on  the  left 
heel,  bring  the  left  toe  to  the  front,  place  at  the  same  time 
the  right  foot  behind  and  at  right  angles  with  tlie  left,  the 
hollow  of  the  right  foot  opposite  to,  about  tliree  inches 
irom  the  left  heel ;  turn  the  piece  with  the  left  hjind,  lock 
outwards,  and  seize  the  handle  at  the  same  time  with  the 
right  hand,  the  piece  perpendicular  and  detached  from 
the  shoulder  ;  (leave  the  left  hand  under  the  butt.) 

^  99.  Second.  Bring  down  the  piece  with  the  right  hand 
into  left,  the  latter  seizing  it  a  little  in  advance  of  the  tail 
band,  the  barrel  up,  the  left  elbow  near  the  body,  the 
right  hand  supported  against  the  hip,  the  point  of  the 
hayonet  at  the  height  of  the  eye.  (The  men  of  the  rear 
rank  will  take  care  not  to  touch  their  file-leaders  with 
the  points  of  their  bayonets.) 

Shoulder- ARMS.     [Tico  motions.'] 

f  100.  First.-  Face  to  the  front  by  turning  on  the  left 
heel,  bring  up  the  right  by  the  side  of  theleft  heel ;  at  the 
same  time  spring  up  the  piece  with  the  righthand  to  the 
left  shoulder,  and  place  the  left  hand  under  tiie  butt. 

§  101.  Second.  Let  fall  smartly  the  righthand  into  its 
position. 

Trail-AFMS.     [Tivo  motions.] 

§  102.  First.  As  the  first  motions  of  Order  arms,  §  73. 

§  103.  Second.  Incline  a  little  the  muzzle  to  the  front, 
the  butt  to  the  rear,  and  about  three  inches  from  the 
ground,  the  righthand  (thelittlefingerhavingtbenslipped 
to  the  front,)  grasping  the  i:)iece  and  supported  at  the  hip.- 
■ 'I — — 

*  If  the  instructor  wish  to  relieve  the  men  when  marching 
with    arms    trailed,  he   will   command  :   Chan{/e-llA'^r>s,  which 
will  he  executed  in    one  motion,  by  raising   the  muzzle  to    th 
shoulder  passing  the  piece  across  the  front  of  the  body,  trailin 


21  THE   SQUAD. 

ShoUlder-ARM^. 

§  104.  At  the  command  shoulder,  raise  tlie  piece  per- 
pendicularly in  the  right  hand;  at  thecon\mand  arms, 
execute  the  two  motions ^i  shoulder  arms^WQiw  the  posi- 
tion o^  order  arms. 

If  the  instructor  wish  to  give  repose  in  the  position  <\f 
order  arms,  he  will  command 

REST. 

§  105.  At  tliis  command,  tlie  men  will  no  longer  be  re- 
quired to  preserve  silence  or  to  remain  steady  in  position. 
Or  he  will  command: 

1.    In  place.    2.  REST, 

§  106.  At  the  second  command,  the  men  will  not  be 
required  to  preserve  silence  or  steadiness  of  position,  but 
they  mnst  always  keep  one  or  the  other  heel,  and  their 
pieces,  on  the  alignment. 

Or  lie  will  command: 

1.  Parade.    2.  REST. 

I  107.  At  the  second  command,  the  men  will  carry 
the  light  foot  six  inches  in  rear  of  the  left  heel,  the  left 
knee  slightly  bent,  the  body  upright  upon  the  right  le^, 
the  piece  resting  against  the  hollow  of  the  right  shoul- 
der, the  hands  crossed  in  front,  the  backs  of  them  out- 
wards, the  left  hand  uppermost,  the  eyes  direct  to  the 
front. 

1.  Attention.    3.  SC^UAD. 

^  108.  At  the  second  word,  the  men  will  resume  the 
correct  position  oi  order  arms. 

§  101).  if,  at  the  Qon\m.^w(\  in  place-rest  ov  parade-rest^ 
the  squad  be  in  the  position  of  support  arms,  the  men 
will  be  regulated  by  the  directions  in  §§  100,  107,  except 
that  they  will  bring  up  smartly  the  right  hand  to  the 
small  of  the  stock.  At  the  command  of  attenlion,  they 
will  resume  the  correct  position  at  support-arms. 

it  with  the  loft,  and  dropping  the  right  hand  by  the  side.  At 
the  command  Jie-cliarigc-ll\^T)s,  raise  tlie  muzzle  to  the  should- 
er, pass  the  pix'C  to  the  right  hand  and  retake  the  position  of 
V  ail  arms. 


THE    SQtAD.  25 

To   Right  Shoulder  ShifUAUMS.*    [Two  motions.} 

I  110.  F'n&t.  Turn  the  piece  with  the  left  hand 
lock  to  the  front,  seize  it  at  same  time  with  the  righ 
hand  at  the  small. 

I  111.  Second.  Carry  tlie  piece  to  the  right  shoul* 
fler,  the  lock  plate  upwards,  the  left  hand  still  holding 
the  butt,the  muzzle  elevated  ;  place  the  right  hand  on 
the  butt,  the  beak  between  the  first  two  fingers,  the  other 
twQ  fingers  under  the  butt  plate,  and  let  tall  the  left 
hand  by  the  side. 

Shoulder- ARMS.     [  Two  motions.] 

^  112.  Firs*.  Raise  the  piece  and  ext-enJ  the  righ 
arm,  seize  it  with  the  left  hand  above  t'he  lock,  carry 
the  piece  against  the  left  shoulder,  turning  the  barrel 
to  the  front,  (in  turning  place  thethumbon  theSplate,) 
the  right  hand  being  at  the  small,  place  the  left  hand 
under  the  butt. 

^  IIB.     Second.     Let  the  right  hand  fall  by  the  sida. 

Slope  (or  Ease)  ARMS.     [One motion.] 
I  114.     Carry  forward  and  raise  slightly  the  left  hand, 
so  that  the  piece  will  rest  at  the  lower  band  on  the  left 
shoulder,  keep  the  muzzle  elevated,    the   piece   sloped 
diagonally  to  the  rear. 

Carry-\RMS.     [Oaemotion.] 

§  115.  Depress  the  left  hand  andresUmethe  position 
ot  shoulder  arms. 

•Arms- AT  WILL.    [One  tmtion.] 
^  116.     Carry  the  piece  at  pleasure  on  either  ahoul* 
der,  with  one  or  both  liands,  the  muzzle  elevated. 
Sihoulder-ARMS.     [One  motion.] 
I  117.     Retake  quickly  the  position  o^ shoulder  arms, 

Arms-PORT. 

§  118,     Throw  tlie  piece  diagonally  across  the  body, 

the  lock  to  the  front,  seize  it  smartly'at  the  same  time 

with  both  hands,  the  right  at  the  small,  the  left  at   the 

tail  band,  the  thumbs  pointing  towards  the  muzzle,  the 


^•From  position  ot  -^honlder  arrm. 


26  THE   SQUAD. 

"barrel  sloping  upwards  and  crossing  opp")!=;ite  to  the  point 
of  the  left  shoulder,  the  butt  proportionally  lowered :  the 
palm  of  the  right  hand  above,  that  of  the  left  under  the 
piece,  and  the  nails  of  both  hands  next  to  the  body,  to 
which  the  elbows  will  be  closed. 

Shoultler-ARMS.    [ Two  motion.^.] 

^  119.  First.  Bring  the  piece  smartly  to  the  left 
shoulder,  placing  the  left  hand  under  the  butt. 

^  120.  ^Second.  Drop  the  right  hand  smartly  brthe 
pide. 

To  ground  Armsr. 

The  squad  being  at  ordered  arms,  if  the  instructor 
wish  the  pieces  to  be  placed  on  the  ground,  he  will 
command : 

Ground-.! RMS.     [Two  77intio7ts.] 

§  121.  First.  Turn  tiie  piece  with  the  right  hand,  the 
barrel  to^  th-e  Idt,  at  tlie  same  time  sieze  the  cartridge- 
box  \vith  the  left  hand,  bend  tlie  body,  advance  the  left 
foot,  the- heel  opposite  the  lower  band  ;  lay  the  ])iece  on 
the  ground  with  the  right  hand,  the  toe  of  the  button  a 
line  Vith  the  right  toe,  the  knee  slightly  bent,  the  right 
heel  raised. 

§  122.  Second.  Else  up,  bring  the  left  foot  by  the  side 
of  the  right,  quit  the  cartridge-box  with  the  left  hand, 
and  drop  the  hands  by  the  side. 

Raise -ARMS,    {Tiro  motiom.) 

§  123.  First.  Raise  the  cartridge-box  ^vith  the  left 
hand,  bend  the  body,  advance  the  left  foot  opposite  the 
lower  band,  and  sieze  the  piece  with  the  right  hand. 

§  124.  Second.  Kaise  the  piece,  bringing  the  left  foo* 
hy^the  side  of  the  right;  turn  the  piece  with  tlie  right 
hand,  the  rammer  to  the  Iront ;  at  tlie  same  time  quit 
the  cartridge-box  with  the  left  hand,  and  drop  this  hand 
hy  the  side. 

To  s'auk   Arms. 

The  squad  being  in  two  ranks  at  order  arms,  the  in- 
structor will  command: 

Stack-ARMS. 

§  125.  At  this  command,  the  front  rank  man  of  every 
even  numbered  file  will  pass  his  piece  before    him,  seiz- 


THE   SQUAD.  27 

ing  it  with  the  left  hand  above  the  middle- band,  and 
place  the  butt  outside  and  near  his  left  foot,  the  barrel 
■turned  to  the  front,  the  niuz/Je  opposite  the  right  shoul- 
der, At  the  same  time  the  f'-ont  rank  man  of  every  odd 
numbered  file  -will  pass  his  piece  before  him,  seizing  it 
with  the  left-hand  below  the  middle  band,  and  hand  it  to 
the  man  next  on  the  left ;  the  latter  will  receive  it  with 
the  right  hand  two  inches  above  the  middle  band,  throw 
the  butt  about  thirtj-two  inches  to  the  front,  opposite  to 
his  right  shoulder,  inclining  the  muzzle  tovvards  the  right 
shoulder,  and  lock  the  shanks  of  the  two  bayonets,  the 
barrel  remaining  to  the  rear  and  its  shank  above  that  of 
the  first  piece.  The  rear  rank  man  of  every  even  file  pro- 
jects his  bayonet  forward,  the  barrel  to  the  right,  and 
introduces  it  (using  both  hands)  between  the  muzzles  and 
under  the  shanks  of  the  two  other  bayonets.  He  will  then 
abandon  the  piece"  to  his  file  leader,  who  will  receive  it 
with  the  right  hand  under  the  middle  band,  bring  the  butt 
to  the  front,  holding  up  bis  ow'n  piece  and  the  stack  with 
the  left  hand,  and  place  the  butt  of  this  third  piece  between 
the  feet  of  the  man  next  on  the  right,  the  barrel  to  the- 
right.  "The  stack  thus  formed, ^the  rear  rank  man  of  every 
odd  fije  will  pass  his  piece  into  his  left  hand,  tlie  barrel 
turned  to  the  front,  and,  sloping  the  bayonet  forward,  rest 
it  on  the  stack. 

§  12G.  When  organized  companies  stack  arms  the  ser- 
geants, (and  also  the  corporals,  if  in  the  rank  of  file 
closers)  will  rest  their  pieces  against  the  stacks  nearest  to 
them  respectively,  after  ranks  are  broken,  and  resume 
their  pieces  on  the  signal  to  re-form  ranks. 

Take  AR3IS. 

§  127.  At  this  command  the  rear  rank  man  of  every 
odd  iile  wiU  withcjraw  his  pieces  from  the  stack  ;  the  front 
rank  man  of  every  even  file  will  seize  his  own  piece  with 
the  left  hand,  and  that  of  the  man  on  his  right  with  his 
right;  the  rear  yank  man  of  every  even  file  will  seize  his 
])iece  with  the  right  hand  at  the  middle  band,  advancing 
for  the  purpose  the  hollow  of  his  right  foot  as  far  as  the 
right  heel  of  his  file  leader ;  these  two  men  will  raise  up 


gS  THE   SQUAD.* 

the  stack  to  loosen  the  shanks  ;  the  front  rank  man  of 
every  odd  file  receives  his  piece  from  the  hand  of  the  man 
next  on  the  left,  and  the  faur  men  will  retake  the  position 
of  the  soldier  at  order  arm.-?. 

Reverse- ARMS.*  (Tico  motions.) 
§  128.  First.  Grasp  the  piece  with  the  right  hand,  the 
^ncrer  nail  to  the  front,  at  the  height  of  the  shoulder,  turn 
the°piece  to  the  right  and  in  front  of  the  body,  and  bring 
it  reversed  under  the  left  nvm,  ihe  barrel  slojving  to  the 
rear;  at  the  same  tin>e,  slip  the  left  hand  to  the  small, 
•rrasping  it  with  the  finger  nails  up. 

§  129?  Second.  Remove  and  carry  briskly  the  right 
Land  to  the  rear  of  the  bc<ly,and  with  it  grasp  the  piece 
between  the  middle  and  lower  Ixvnds,  the  finger  nails  out- 
wards. 

ShouWer-ARMS.  (7ii'&  mfdlonif.) 
I  130  First,  Bring  the  right  hand  briskly  to  the  front 
and  with  it  grasp  the° piece  at  the  swell  of  the  stock,  the 
finger  nails  inward;  at  the  same  time  slip  the  kit  hand  to 
the  butt  and  invert  the  piece  with  both  hands,  bringing  it 
in  front  of  the  body,  to  the  shaulder,  and,  slipping  the  right 
Land,  let  it  fall  to  the  hammer.  ^ 

^  131.  Second.  Drop  the  right  liand  by  the  side. 

Rest  on- ARMS*    {Two  motions.) 
§  132.   First.  Grasp  the   piece  at   the   height    &f    the 
shoulder  with  the  right  hand,  the  finger  nails  to  the  Iront, 
reverse  it  by  turning  it  to  the  right  in  Iront  of  the  body, 
and  let  the  muzzle  rest  on  the  left  toot,  the  leit  hand  rest- 
ing on  the  butt.  .   i  .  i       i   .     a  ^ 
§  133.  Second.  Remove' quickly  the  right  hand  to  the 
butt  and  let  it  rt.st  there,  the  finger  nails  outward  ;  at  Uie 
same  time,  bow  the  head  and  bend  the  right  knee. 
Shoulder-  .\  RMS.    (Tm-'O  maions. ) 
5  134.  First.  Drop  the  right   hand,  and  with  i^i  seiz.e 
the  piece  at  the  swell   of  the  stock;  with  both  uands, 
(the  left  depresse.^  and  the  right  raised  )  turn  the  piece 
in  frontof  the  bodv,  bringing  it  yganistthc  leit  shoulder, 
and  slipping  the  right  hand  let  it  f^H  to  tne  ha.nmer. 
§  135.  Second.  Drop  the  wght  hand  by  the  side. 

*  From  the  position  of  shoulder  arms. 


THE    SQUAD.  29 

Inspection  of  ArmS/ 

The  men  being  id  or<lered  anus,  and  having  tho  bayo- 
net ill  the  Rcabbard,  tlie  instructor  will  command: 
Inspc  ii  n-ARMS.    {Three  motions.) 

§  136.  First.  Face  (o  tho  right  onco  and  a  half,  carry- 
ing the  right  foot  perpeniAiculur  to  the  alignment,  about 
eix  inches  from,  and  at  right  angles  with  the  left  foot; 
seize  promptly  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  a  little 
aliove  the  middle  band,  incline  the  muzzle  to  the  rear 
without  displaciiig  tho  heel  cf  the  butt,  the  rammer 
turned  towards  the  body  ;  carrying  at  tho  ?ame  timeth^ 
right  hand  to  the  bayonet,  and  sciz«  it  &^  prescribed  ia 
^711'  bnyonef  ,?  05. 

§  137.  Second.  Draw  the  bayoij^t  friom  the  scabbard, 
Garry  and  ti\  it  on  the  muzzle  ;  «eize  next  t,he  rammer, 
jdraw  it  as  ex))lained  in  the  fifth  titne  q^  loading,  (see 
page  31,  §S  loO,  VA,  1.^2,)  and  let  it  glide  to  the  bottom 
of  the  bore.. 

§  138.  2-h'ird.  Face  promptly  to  the  front,  eeiizethe  piece 
5.vith  the  right  hand  and  retake  the  position  ol  order  amis. 

§  139.  The  instructor  will  then  inspect  in  succession 
tiie  piece  of  each  Uian,  in  jwassing  along  the  front, of  the 
mnk.  Each,  as  the  inspector  reaches  him,  will  rai.se 
smai'tly  IAa  piece  with  his  jight  hapd,  seize  it  with  the 
left  near  the  lower  band,  the  lock  to  the  front,  the  left 
hynd  at  the  height  of  the  chin,  the  piece  opposite  to  the 
left  eye  ;  the  iii.structor  sill  take  it  with  the  right  hand 
at  the  liandle,  and  aft^^r  ins[«rcting  jt,  «'ill  return  it  to 
the  recruit,  who  will  receive  it  ba(dv  with  the  right  hand, 
and  replace  it  in   the  position  of  order  arms. 

I  140.  When  the  instructor  shall  have  passed  him, 
fach  man  will  take  the  position  prescribed  in  I  136,  re- 
turn the  rammer  as  explained  in  thjS  seventh  time  of 
loading,  (see  page  31,  H  104,  155,  156,)  and  resume  the 
position  of  order  arms. 

U  \x\B\e2id  of  inspection  of  arms,  bayonets  are  to  be 
fixe4only,  the  command  iis, 

Fix-BAYONET. 
^  ?  141.     Take  the  position  prescribed  in  the  first   mo- 
tion of  inspection  of  arms,  I  136  ;  fix  bf^yonet  and  fac^ 
t,o  the  front. 


so  THE   SQUAD. 

If  the  instrrctor  wish  to  ascertain  whetlier,  any  of  the 
piccej  are  loaded,  he  will  command  : 
Sprins-IJA31M5':R.«. 

§  1  T.  Put  the  rammers  in  the  brrrel  as  abov^  ex- 
plained, and  retake  the  postilion  of  order  arms. 

^  143.  The  inspector  for  the  purj  pse stated,"  can  tahe 
the  rammer  by  the  small  end,  andspiing  it  in  the' barrel, 
or  caupe  each  man  to  make  it-ring  in  the  barrel. 

•|  144.  Each  man,  after  the  iihspector  passes  him, 
will  return  vammer  and  resume  the  position  of  order 
arms. 

LOADING  ATVD  FIRING. 

Load  ill  ten  times. 

1.  LOAD.    {7'ii-o  motions,) 

^  145.  One.  Drop  the  piece  by  a  ynart  extension  of 
the  left  arm, -seize  it  with  the  right  band  above  and  near 
the  tailband  ;  at  the  saiuc  time  carry  tlie right  foot  for- 
ward, the  lieel  ag^ainst  the  hollow  oi' the  left  fooi. 

I  110.  Tiro.  Prop  the  piece  with  the  right  hand 
along  the  left  tb>g'h.  seizi;  it  with  the  left  hand  at  the 
middle  band,  And  with  tlie  left  hand  let  it  descend  along 
to  the  ground,  without  shock,  the  piece  touching  thelelt 
thigh,  and  the  muzzle  opposite  to  the  centre  oftho  body; 
carry  the  right  hand  quickly  to  the  cartridge  box  and 
open  i  . 

2.  Ifamlle-CATlTniDGE.    (Onevwilo7i.) 

§147. "Seize  the  cartridge  with  the  thumb  and  next  two 
fingers,  r.nd  })lace  it  between  the  teeth. 

3.Tear-CARTKIDGK.    (One  motion.) 

§  148.  Tear  the  paper  down  to  the  powder,  hold  the 
cartridge  upright  batween  the  thumb  and  next  two  fingers, 
near  the  top ;  aid  in  this  position  place  it  in  front  of  and 
near  the  muzzle,  the  back  of  the  hand  to  the  front. 
4.  Charse-CARTRIDQK.    (Q/ie  tnotujn.) 

§  149.  Fix  the  eye  on  the  muzzle,  turn  q\nekly  the  back 
of  the  right  hand  towards  tlie  body,  in  order  to  discharge 
the  powder  into  the  barrel,  raise  the  elbow  to  the  height 
of  the  wrist,  shake  the  cartridge,  force  it  into  the  muzzle 
and  leave  the  hand  reversed,  the  fingers  extended,  the 
thumb  extended  along  the  bavreh 


THE    SQUAD.  31 

^  3.  Dra'w^RAMxlJER.    {Thvee  motions.^ 

^  150.  Oils.  Drop  smartly,  the  right  elbow  and  seize 
the  rammer  between  the  th'umb  and  forefinger  bent, 
the- other  fntgers  shut;  draw  it  smartly  extending  the 
arm  ;  seize  the  rammer  again  at  the  middle,  between 
the  tlmmb  and  forefinger,  the  hand  reversed,  tlie  palm 
to  the  front,  the  nails  up,  the  eyes  following  the  move- 
ment of  the  hand;  clear  the  rammer  h'oni  the  pipes  by 
again  extending  the  arm. 

"l  151.  Two.  Turn  rapidly  the  rammer  between  the 
bayonet  and  the  face,  closing  the  fingers,  (the  ra-mmer 
of  the  rear  rank  mn.n -grazing  the  right  shoulder  of  the 
mail  of  the  same  file  in  front,  respectively )  the  rammer 
parallol  to  the  bayonet,  the  arm  extended,  the  butt  of 
the  j:ammer  opposite  to  the,  nnizzle,  but  not  yet  inserted, 
the  eyes  fixed  oh  the  muzzle. 

§  152.  Tlt)'ee.  Insert  the  butt  of  the  rammer  and 
force  it  down  as  low  as  the  hand. 

G.  R;im-C.\RTRIDGR.    {One  motion.) 

§  153.  Extend  the  arm  to  its  fall  length  to  seize  the 
rammer  between  the  right  thumb  extended  and  the  fore-- 
finger  bent,  the  utlier  fingers  closed  ;  with  force  ram  homo 
twice  (the  right  elbow  down  and  near  the  piece)  and  seize 
the  rammer  at  the  little  end,  between  the  thumb  and  fore- 
finger bent,  the  other  fingers  closed,  the  right  elbow  touchy 
ing  the  body. 

7.  Rcturu-RAMMER.    [Three  motions.'] 

§  154.  One.  Draw  briskly  the  rammer,  reseize  the 
middle  betwqgn  the  thumb  and  forefinger,  the  hand 
reversed,  the  palm  to  the  front,  the  nails  up,  the  eyes 
following  the  movement  of  the  hand,  clear  the  rammer 
from  the  barrel  by  extending  the  arm, 

§  155.  Two.  Tiww  rapidly  the  rammer  between  the 
bayonet  and  the  face,  closing  the  fingers,  (the  rammer 
of  the  rear  i-ank  man  grazing  the  right  shoulder  of  the 
man  of  the^same  file  in  front,)  the  rammer  parallel  to 
the  bayonet,  the  arm  extended,  the  little  end  of  ths 
rammer  opposite  i(3  the  first  pipe„.but  not  yet  inserted, 
The  eyes  fixed  on  that  pipe. 

§    156,    Three,    Insert  the  little  *end,  and    with    the 


3.3  THE  aQUAr. 

thumb,  '.vhich  will  follow  the  movement,  force  it  a^,  low 
n3  tliC  mi. Idle  band;  ruiso  f|uiekly  the  ri,i:ht  hand  a 
little  bent,  ])la(-e  tb.e  litrle  finger* on"  tlie  butt  of  the 
rammer,  and  foice  it  down":  lower  the  left  hand  on  tlie 
barrel  to  the  extent  of  t'ic  arm,  without  dcpre.-s'.iig  the 
.shoulder..  ^ 

8.  Cast-ABOUT^   [Ttvo  moimn-'-.] 

'i  157.  _Gne.  Raise  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  along 
V.ic  left '-'side,  the  hand  at  the  height  of  the  chin,  the 
forearm  touching  the  piece,  the  barrel  to  tlie  front ; 
drop  at  the  same  time  the  right  hand  to  seize-  the  piece 
a  little  abovo  the  small,  the  foreti^gor  touching  the 
lock,  the  thumb. .on  tlie  S  plate,  and  bring  back  the 
right  heel  to  the  side  of  the  left. 

§  15<S.  Tivo.  Make  a  half  (ace  to  the  right  on  the  left 
heel,  bring  the  left  toe  to  the  front.-the  right  |"oot°  be- 
hind and  at  riglit-angles  with  the  left,  tlie  hollow  of  the 
right  foot  against  the  lieel  of  the  left.  At  the  same 
time  sei;^e  the  siiiail  of  the  stock  \yith  the  right  hand, 
and  bring  down  the  piece  with  both  hands  to  the  po~ 
.s,ition  ol' charr/e-v>\YQy;i:T. 

9.  PiUME.     [Onevioiion.] 

§  159.  Bustiiin  the  piece  with4he  leftlfand  (half-cock 
the  piece,)  lwu*sh  off  the  old  cap,  and  with  the  thumb 
and  first  two  fingers  take  a  cap  from  the  pouch,  place  it 
firmly  on  the  cone,  pushing  it  down  with  the  thumb. 

10„  ShonUier-AIlMS.    [2\vo  jnofions] 
§  160.     As  from  Gharfje-Rtyonet,  ?§  100,  101. 
To  Lead  in  Four  Times. 

§  IGl.  The  first  time  will   bo  expcuted.at  the.  command 
Luad ;  the  three  others  at  the  words  two^  tJiree,  and/cwr. 
Load  ia  Four  Txmes-LOAD. 

§  1G2.  Execute  what  is  prescribed  for  J.oajl,   Ilandle- 
Ourt ridge,  Tear- Cartridge,  and  Charge-Gariridgc. 
TWO. 
§  163,  Draw-Rammer  and  Rim-Gurtridge:' 

THREE. 
'i.  1^4.  Return-Rammer  and  G'tst-ATjoiit, 


THE    SQUAD.  33 

FOUR. 

§  1G5.  Prime  and  Shoulder  arms. 
To  Li  >rtd  at  will. 
l,oaJat  wii  -LOAl>. 

§  I  60.  At  the  cornmuKl  load,  execute  the  loading  tis  ia 
four  times,  but  without  resting  on  the  times. 

READY.  [Four  mntions.] 
"  §107.  One.  M.ike  a  half  face  4;o  the  right  on  the  left 
heel,  l)ring  tlic  left  toe  to  the  front,  place  at  the.Sfime  time 
the  i-ight  foot  behind,  and  at  right*  angles  with  the  left, 
the  hollow  of  the  right  foot  ag  anst  the'left  ht-el;  turn  the 
piece  with  the  left  iiand,  the  lock  outwards,  and  seizo_at 
the  same  tine  the  handle,  (or  small  of  the  stock,)  with 
the  right  hand,  the  piece  peipendlcular,  and  detached 
from  tiie  shoulder;  (leave  tlielel't    hand    under  the  butt.) 

§  1()8  Tioy.  B -ing  the  piece  with  the  right  hand  to 
the  middle  of  the  body,  place  tiie  left  hand  just  above  the 
lock,  the  thumb  extended  on  the  stock  at  the  height  of 
the  chin,  the  S  plate  almas!  turned  towards  the  bod}',  the 
rammer  obliquely  to  the  left  and  front. 

§  169.  Three.  "  Place  the  thumb  on  the  hammer,  the 
forefiiiger  un-ier  and  on  the  guard,  the  other  three  fingers 
joir.e  1  10  the  fir,<t, -the  elbow  at  the  height    of  the    wrist. 

§  170.  Four.  Close  the  rigct elbow  smartly  to  the  body 
in  cocking,  seize  the  piece  at  the  suiall,  let  it  descend 
along  the  body  in  the  lefi,  hand  to  the  tail  band,  o^hioh. 
will  lemain  at  the  height  of  the  shoulder,  (and  opposite  to 
the  centre  of  the  b"d3'.) 

Al^l,  [0,ie  motion.] 

§  171.  Drop  smartlj'  the  muzzle,  the  left  hand  remain- 
ing at  the  tail  band,  support  the  butt  against  the  right 
shou^d('r,  the  lefi  elbow  a  little  doivi'n,  slnit  the  ielteye, 
direi:t  the  light  along  the  ba  re),  flrop^the  head  ujion  the 
butt  [o  catch  the  object,  and  place  th'e  foretinger  on  the 
trigircj-. 

§  172.  T|>c  rear  rank  vrill,  at  the  same  time,  carry  the 
right  foot  about  eight  inches  towards  the  left  heel  of  the 
fiian  next  on  .the  right. 

FIRE.  [One  motion.] 

§  173.  Apply  the    forefinger  with  force  to  the   trigger 


34  THE    SQUAD. 

without  fu-thcr  lowering  or  turning  thchea(\  and  remain 
in  that  position. 

LOAD.  [F/'otn  the  fire — tivo  motion-'i.] 

§  174.  One.  Bring  back  the  piece  quickly  with  both 
hands,  the  rear  rank  men  bi'inging  the  light  foot  by  the 
side  of  the  left;  depress  the  butt  strongly  b}'  extending 
the  right  arm,  and  carry  it  with  tlie  arm  thus  extended  to 
the  left  side,  the  barrel  turned  to  tlie  front  and  opposite 
to  the  left  shoulder,  open  the  left  hand  to  let  the  pfecc 
slide  through  it  to  the  middle  band,  the  back  of  the  liand 
to  the  front,  the  left  forearm  touching  the  stock  ;  at  the* 
same  time  face  to  t4ie  front,  and  carry  the  right  foot  lor- 
ward,  the  heel  a.<>-ainst  the  hollow  of  the  left  foot. 

.  §  175.  7\co.  Quit  the  hold  of  the  right  hand;  with  the 
kfthand  remaining  at  the  middle  })aud,  let  the  piece  de- 
scend to  the  ground,  without  shock,  and  take  the  position 
of  the  second  motion  of  the  first  time  of  loading. 

Shoulder-ARMS.     [From  thefire — two  motions.] 

i  176.  One.  Bring  back  the  »piece  with  both  hands, 
face  to  the  front,  carry  the  piece  against  the  left  shoulder 
and  place  the  left  hand  under  the  butt. 

§  177.  Tico.  Let  fall  smartly  the  right  hand  into  its  po- 
sition. 

Recover-ARMS,     [Fropi  the  aim — one  motion.] 

§  178.  At  the  word  recover,  withdraw  the  finger  from 
the  trigger;  at  the  command  arms,  throw  upsmartly  the 
muzzle,  and  retake  the  position  of  the  fourth  motion  of 
ready. 

Shoulder-ARMS.    -^rom  the  ready — oi\^  ?noiion.] 

§  170.  At  the  word  shoulder,  fice  to  the  fiont,  bring 
the  piece  to  the  middle  of  the  body,  the  left  thumb  at  the. 
height  of  the  chin,  thc'^iecc  supported  by  the  loft  hand, 
holding  it  fast  above  the  lock  ;  next  plafe  tho  right  thumb 
on  the  head  of  the  cock,  support  the  forefiliger  on  the 
trigger,  sustain  at  the  same  time  tlie  cock  in  its  descent 
till  it  nearly  touches  the  cone,  raise  the  cock  te  the  half- 
cock  notch,  (the  leaching  of  vvdiich  \\ill  be  both  felt  and 
heard,)  and  seize  the  handle  of  the  piece  (or  small  of 
stock,)  with  the  right  hand.     At  the  word  arms^  carry  the 


THE    SQUAD.       •  35 

piece  smartly  to  the  shoulder  and  retake  the  position  of 
shoulder  arms. 

Firings. 

§  180.  The  firings  are  either  direct  or  oblique. 
For  the  direct  Jire,  the  instructor  will  command:    • 
l.FircJ»y  S^iuiid.    2.  Squad.    3.  READY. 
4.  AI  J.    5.  Flki:.    G.  i.OAD. 

§  181.  These  several  commands  will  be  executed  as  has 
been  prescribed  in  the  Manual  of  arms.     At  the  sixth- 
they  will  load  their  pieces  and  return  immediately   to  the 
position  of  read//. 

1 182.  The  firing  will  be  re-commenced  by  the  com- 
mands: 

1.  Squad     2    AIM.    3    FIRE     4.  LOAD. 

When  the  instructor  wishes  the  firing  to  cease  he  will 
command : 

Cease-I  lUlNG. 

§  183.  At  this  command  the  men  will  cease  firinor,  but 
will  load  their  ]ncces  if\inloaded,  and  afterwards  bring 
'them  to  a  shoulder.: 

The  oblique  Fire. 

§  184.  The.  oblique  firings  will  be  execated  to  the  right 
and  left,  and  by  the  same  commands  as  the  direct  fire, 
with  this  single  dilference— the  command  aim  will  al- 
ways be  preceded  by  the  c^iuixow,  right  or  leflt  oblique. 
Positiou  of  the  rauks  in  the  obliiue  fire  to  the  right 

§  185.  At  the  command  r<?a*f//,  the  two  ranks  will  exe- 
cute what  has  been  pa^escribed  for  the  direct  fire. 

\  183.  Attlie  cautionary  command,  right  oMigue,  the 
two  ranks  will  throw  back  the  right  shoulder  and  look 
steadily  at  the  object  to  be  hit.   ^ 

^  I  187.  At  the  command  aim,  each  front  rank  man  will 
aim  to  the  right  without  deranging  his  feet;  each  rear 
rank  man  will  advance  the  left  foot  aboflt  eight  inches 
towards  the  right  heel  of  the  man  next  on  the  right  of 
^s^le  leader,  and  aim  to  the  right,  inclining  the  upper 
ptrt  of  the  body  forward,  and  liending  a  little  the  left 
knee. 


'3G  *      THE    SQUAD. 

§  188.  At  the  commaml  load,  both  ranks  will  resume 
the  position  of  load  in  the  fire'  Uiuect. 

Pcsitism  of  the  ta^ilis  in  tlse  oblique  fire  to  the  feft. 

§  ISO.  At  the  command,  left  oUiqnc^  the  two  ranks 
will  throw  back  the  left  shouhler,  an'd  iQok  .steadily  at 
the  object  to  .bo  hit: 

^  190.  At  the  command  aim,  tlie  front  rank  will  take 
aim  to  the  lefcwitliout  derangins;  the  feet;  cacii  man  in 
the  rear  rank  will  advance  the  right  foot  abcait  eiirht 
incljes  towards  the  rijiht  heel  of  the  man  next  on  the 
right  of  his  file  leader,  and  aim  to  the  lelt,  inclipino-  the 
upper  part  of  the  body  I'orward;  and  bending  a  little  the 
right  Ivnee. 

I  191.  Xi  the  command  load,  both  ranks  will  come 
to  the  position  of  load  as  prescribed  in  the  direct  fire. 

To  fire  by  file. 

The  instructor  will  command: 
1.  Fire_l)y  file.     2.  Squad.  3.  READY.  C03IMENCE 
FIRING. 

§  192.  At  the  fourth  command,  the  riglit  file  will  aim 
arid  fire  tliemen  together  ;  the  rear -rank  man,  in  taking 
aim  will  carry-the  right  foot  about  eight  inches  to  the  right 
the  next  file  aims  at  the  instant  the  first  has  fired,  and  so 
on  successively  to  the  left.  ^After  the  first  fire  every  man 
will  load  and  fire  without  waiting  for  the  others. 

Ceasc-FIRING. 
^  103.  At  this  command,  the  men  will  cease  firing.  If 
they  have  fired,  they  will  load  their  pieces  and  bring  them 
to  a  shoulder;  if  at  the  position  o^  ready,  they  will  half- 
cock  and  shoulder  arms.  If  in  the  position  oi'ahv,  they 
will  bring  down  their  pfcces,  half-cock,  and  shoulder  arms. 

To  fii-e  by  rank. 

-?  194.  The  fire  by  rank  will  be  executed  by  each  entire 
rank,  alternately. 

The  instructor  will  command:  •• 

1.  Fii-e  by  rank.    2.  Sq\iaa.    3.    READY.    4.    Rear 
rank.    5.  AIW.    G.  FIRE.    T.  I.OAD. 


THE    SQUAD.  37 

I  105.  At  the  third  command  both  ranks  will  take  the 
position  of  ready. 

§  19G.  Attheseventli  command,  the  rear  rank  will  load 
and  come  to  the  poiition  of  ready.  When  several  men 
in  the  rear  rank  have  taken  this  position,  the  instructor 
will  command :     " 

1.  Front  rank.    3.  AI3I.     3.  FIRE.    4.  LOAD. 

§  197.  At  these  commands,  the  men  in  the  front  rank 
will  execute  what  has  been  prescribed  for  the  rear  rank. 

I  198.  Tlie  instructor  will  thus  continue  to  alternate 
from   rank  to  rnnk.     At  the  command  cease  firing^  the 
%ien  will  execute  what  has  been  before-  prescribed. 


PART  'II. 


TilE    COMPANY. 

Formation  of  llie  Company. 

^  109.  The  company  being  assembled  on  its  ground, 
tlie  6Ci\ireants,  b}'  tlie  comumnd  fall  in,  cause  tlie  rank 
aiid  file,  (corporals  and  privates'  to  form  in  one  rank, 
faced  to  tlie  right,  the  fir>t"  corporal  on  the  right  (or 
liead  of  theWnk)  the  tallest  man  next,  the  next  talles^ 
next,  and  so  on  to  the  left,  or  rear  of  the  rank. 
■  Th.e  lirst  Sergeant  will  then  command  : 
FRONT. 

,§  200.  At  this  command,  the  compan}^  will  face  to  the 
front.- 

The  first  sergeant  will  then. command  : 
1.  In  two  ranks,  form  Company.    2.   Comi)any 
rii^ht-FACE.*   3.  MARCI5. 

§  201.  At  the  second  command,  the  company  will 
face  to  ttie  Hjfight ;  the  man  on  the  right  will  remain 
faced  to  the  front. 

§  202.  At  th£  command  onarcJi,  the  men  wdio  have 
faced  to  the  riglit,  will  step  oflf and  form  files  in  tlie  fol- 
lowmg  i^anner:  the  second  man  in  the  rank  will  place 
himself  behind  the  first  to  form  the  first  file  ;  the  third 
will  place  himself  by  the  side  of  the  first  in  the  front 
rank  ;  the  fourth  behind  the  third  in  the  real' rank.  Ail 
the  others  wdl,  in  like  manner,  place  themselves,  alter- 
nately, in  the  front  and  rear  rank,  and  will  thus  form 
files  of  two  men,  On  the  left  of  those  already  formed. 

The  first  sergeant  will  then  command: 

>   In  each  rank— Coulit  TWOS. 

§  203.  At  this  command,  tlie  men  count  in  each  rank 
from   rifht  to  left,  .pronouncing  in  a   loud   and  distinct 

■■•If  the  roll  of  the  company  is  called,  oacb  man.  as  bo  an- 
swors  to  hisnfimc,  will  bring  bis  pioce\to  the  position  of  order 
arms,  and  the  sergeant,  after  the  roll  is  called  through,  will 
command  shou1d''r  urrm. 


THE  coMPA:^;Y.  .  39 

voice,  in  the  same  tone,  without  hurry,  and  without 
turning  the  head,  one,  two,  according  to  thephice  which 
each  one  occupies/  f 

§  204.  He  will  then  divide  the  company,^  mUo  two 
equal  platoons,  and  each  platoon  into  two  equal  sec- 
tions'place  the  cor[)i)tals  in  position  in  the  iront  rank, 
on  the  right  and  loft  of  platoons,  and*ept>rt  to  the  cap- 
tain tiie  formation  of  the  company. 

The  olhcers  and  sergeants- will  now  take  their  posts 
as  follows  ; 

^  205.  The  ca'plain  in  the  front  rank  on  the  right  of 
the  company,  toucliing  with  the  left  elbow.- 

§  200.  Tite  Jird  lieutenant,  two  paces- in  rear  of  and' 
opposite  the  centre  of  the  fourth  section"' 

I  207.  'Hie,  second  lieutenant,  two  paces  inflearMand 
opposite  the  centre  of  the  first  platoon:,  ^     '^ 

§208.  The  third  lietitenantfi^w6  ])^ces  in  rear  of  and 
opposite  the  centre  of  the  second  platoon. 

^209.  Tho Jirst  Hergeant  in' the  rear  raiTk  and  cover- 
ing th$  captain.  He  i.s  d<eiiomiuated  covering  sergeant, 
or  right  guiye  of  the  company.  ;  "^ 

^^10.  The  second  sergeant,  two  pax^es  in  rear  of  and 
opposite  the  second  file  from  the  left  of  the  company. 

He  is  designated  as  left  guide  of iha  comjifcny.     '- 

^211.  The  third  sergeant,  two  paces  in  rear  of  and 
opposite  the  second  file  from  the  rig^itj^jof  the  siecond 
platoon. 

§  212.  The  fourth  sergeant,  two  paces  in  rear*of  and 
oj^posite  the  second  file  li'om  the  left  of  thefirstj[3latcon. 

§213.  Th^  ffth  sergcan%i\\o  paces  in  rear  of  and 
opposite  the^  second  file  from  the  light  oftke  firs^t  piatoouj*. 

^  214.  Absent  officers  and  sergeants  wi|l  l^e  re-placed 
^-oficcrs  by  sergeants,  and  sergeants  by^corporalb'. 

^  215.  The  oflicers  and.  sergeants  thus  posted  in  renr 
of  the  company,  constitute  the  rallk  of  closers.     This 
rank  is  two  paces  in  rea'r  of  the  rear  ranji.       '' 
,j^-^  210.  The  pioneer  is-  posted  in  the  line  of  file  closers 
oh  the  riglit  ;  and  the  music  in  a  line  with'-the  front  raidc,* 

■•=•  Wh(j%.  the  captain  acts   as    instrndor;  or    iu'.  iiidepeudcnt 

coininaua  of  the   company,  the  liist  lieutenant  taJics  i^is  poist, 

•^nd  Lis  post-iu  tiuu  is  lilledlDy  the  second  licuteirant,  a«d  so  on. 


40  THE    COMPANY. 

four  paces  ou  its  right,  the  drum  on  the  right  ofthcfifer, 
or  bugler. 

To  open  ranks. 

The  company  being  at  ordered  arms,  the  ranks  and  file 
closers  well  aligned,    to   open  ranks,  the  instructor  will 
com m and. : 
1,  Attention.     2.  Company.     3.   JShoulder~ARMS.     4. 

Prepare  to  open  ranks.    5.  To  the  rear  open  order. 

§  217.  At  the  fourth  command,  the  lel't  guide  w^ill 
pLacc  himself  on  the  left  of  the  front  rank. 

I  218.  At  the  fifth  command,  the  covering  sergeant 
and  the  left  guide  \v\\\  step. oil' smartly  to  the  rear,  four 
paces  from  the  front  rank,  in  order  to  mark  tlie  align- 
ment of  the  rear  rank.  The  instructor  having  aligned 
these  two  guides  ou  a  line  parallel  to  the  front  rank,  will 
then  command : 

6.  MARCH. 

I  219.  At  this  command,  the  front  rank  will  .stand 
fast.  The  rear  rank  will  step  to  tlie  rear  without  count- 
ing the  steps,  and  will  i)lace  itself  on  the  alignment 
marked  out  for  it.  It  will  then  be  aligned  on  the  ^eft 
guide  by  the  covering  sergeant  The  file  closers  will 
step  ofl' at  the  same  time  with  the  rear  rank  and  place 
themselves  two  paces  in  the  rear  of  it  when  it  is  aligned. 
The  instructor  seeing  the  ranl^s  aligned,  vv'ill  command: 

7.  I<  KOXT. 

§  220.  At  this  command,  the  left  guide  will  return  to 
Ills  place  as  a  file  closer. 

Manual  of  Arms. 
<|  221.  The  ranks  being  open,  the  instructor  vrill  place 
himself  in  a  position  to  sec  the  ranks,  and  will  command 
the  manual  of  arms  in  the  fulhnving  order: 
Present  Arms,  Shoulder  Arms, 

Order  Arms,  f^^fioulder  Arms. 

Support  Arms,  Carry  Arms. 

Unlix  Bayonet,  SiiouUler  Arms. 

S^'ecure  Arms,  f^JiouIder  Arms. 

Fix  Bayonet,  SIiou Ulcr  Arms. 

Charge  iJayonet,  f^houldcr  Arms, 

Trail  Arms,  .,,  f^houjl^er  Arms.  I 

Load  in  ten  times. 


-    THE    COMPANY.  41 

To  close  ranks  tlie  instructor  will  command  : 
1.  Close  order.    2.   MARCH. 

§  222.  At  the  command  march,  the  rear  rank  -will  close 
up  in  quick  time,  each  man  covfiiing4iis  file  leader. 

§  22  8.-  'J'Jie  company'  may  be  exercised  in  the  tnanval 
of  nrms,  Jonding  in  four  times,  loading  at  wilJ, firing  hy 
file,  firing  hy  rani,-,  and  direct  and  ohlifjue  firing  hy  cnm- 
^>a;/ 7/,  as  prescribed  in  the  fiquad  drill,  the  instructor  sub- 
stitutino^  company  for  sqvad  wherever  it  occurs, 

§  224.  At  the  preparatory  connnand  in  firing,  the  capr 
tain  ^vill  prompt]}'  place  himself  opposite  the  centre  of  his 
company,  and  four  paces  in  rear  of  the  line  of  file  closers  ; 
the  covering  sorgeant  will  retire  to  that  line,  and  place 
himseif  opposite  to  his  interval,  This  rule  in  general,  for 
Jjoth  the  captain  and  covering  sergeant,  in  all  the  differ- 
ent fitrlnns. 

fo  Fire  by  tlie  rear  rank, 

\.   I'ace   hy  the  rear   rank     2.    Compaijy. 
3.  ABOUT-FACE. 

§  225.  At  the  first  command,  the  captain  \vill  step  out 
and  place  hiniself  near  to,  and  lacihg  the  right  fde  of  his 
company;  the  covering  seigcant,  and  f;le  cl  users,  will  passt 
C[uickly  through  the  captain's  interval,  and  place  them- 
selves faced  to  tho  rear,  the  covering  sergeant  a  pace  be^ 
hind  the  captain,  and  the  file  closers  tv»'o  }>aces  from  the 
front  rank,  opposite  to  their  places  in  line,  each  passing  be- 
hind the  covering  sergeant.  ^ 

§  22G.  At  thiril  conim.and,  which  wdl  be  given  at  the 
instant  tlie  last  file  closer  shall  have  pas.^ed  through  the 
interval,  the  company  will  face  about ;  the  captain  will 
place  himself  in  his  interval  in  the  rear  rank,  now  become 
the  front,  and  the  covering  sergeant  will  cajv-er  him  in  the 
front  rank,  now  become  the  rear. 

•  §  227.  Faced  by  the  rear  rank,  the  dilTerent  firings  will 
be  executed  in  the  manner  already  prescribed.  I'he  fire  by 
file  will  commence  on  the  left  of  the  company,  now  become 
the  right  ,■  and  in  the  fire  by  rank,  the  firing  will  com- 
|ili.ei)c/?  with  tlie  front  rank,  now  become  tho  rear 


49  THE    COMPANY. 

To  resume  the  proper  front,  the  .instructor  will  com- 
mand: 

1.  Face  l)y  the  front  rank.  2.  Company.    3.  ABOUT- 
FACE. 

I  22K  At  the  first  command,  the  captain,  covering  ser- 
geant and  lile^  closers,  will  conform  to  what  is  prescribed 
in  §?.!225  and  2*26.  A^  the  third  command  the  company 
having  faced  about,  the  captain  and  covering  sergeant  will 
resume  their  places  in  line. 

To  aclyance  in  line  of  Ijattle. 

§  229.  The  company  being  in  line  and  correctly  aligned, 
to  march  it  by  the  front,  the  instructor  willv  cause  a  ser- 
geant to' take  position  six  paces  in  advance  of  the  captain, 
This  advance.cl  sergeant,  who  is  charged  with  the  direction, 
will  take  two  points  on  the  ground  in  the  straight  line  to 
the  fi'ont  to  direct  his  course. 

The. instructor  wilfthen  command  : 

1.  Company,  forward.    2    MARCil. 

^  230,  At  the  command  7m7'cJi,  the  comj^any  will  step 
off  with  hfc.  The  directing  se^eant  will  c)b'serve;>ith  the 
greatest  precision,  the  length  ancl  cadence  of  the  step,  march- 
ing on  th^two  points 4^1^  has  chosen  ;  he  will  take  in  sucr 
cession,  and  a  little  Ij^re  arriving  at  the  pohits  nearest  to 
Inm.,  new  points  in  advance,  exactly  in  the  same  line  with 
the  first  two,  ffnd  at  the  distance  of  some  fifteen  or -twenty 
paces  from  eack  other.  The  captain  will  march  steadily 
in  the  traces  of  the  directing  sergeant,  keeping  always  six 
paces  from  hihi.  The  men  will  march  with  the  head  direct 
t^^  the  front,  touch  lightly  the  6lb(>w  towards-the  captain, 
and  resist  pressure  coming  from  the  opposite  side.  The 
file  closers  wUl  march  at  the  habitual  distance  of  two  paces 
behind  the  rear  rank. 

If  the  men  lose  the  step,  the  instructor  will  command: 
*^  To  the-STEP. 

§  231,  At  this  the  men  will  glance  towards  the  directing 
sergeant,  retaljQ  the  step  from  him,  and  again  direct  their 
e}'es  to  the  fi'ont.    ,- ..  '  ; 

The  iiistruct®r,  wishing  to  halt  the  company,  will  com-s 

rnand:  *         ^    "  m 

8.  CompanyV   2.  HALT;  ^ 


THE    COMPANY.  43 

§  232.  At  thf  second  comman<l,  the  company  \vlll 
fialt.  TJie  clirecting  sergc;uit  will  remain  in  advance, 
unless  ordered  to  return  to  the  line  of  file  clos(^r8>  The 
captain  Avill  then  rectily  the  alignment,  by  the  commands 
and  according  to  the  principle:^  prcicribedj  ^  2o. 

To  Biarcli  in  retreut. 

§  233.  The  company  being  halted  and  correctly  align- 
ed, to  cause  it  to  inarch  in    retreat,    the  instructor   will 
place  the  directing  sergeant  six  paces  in  rear  of  the  line  • 
of  file  closers  and  in.  tliesanie  straight  line  with  the  cov- 
ering sergeants,  and  will  then  co]nmaf^  :-, 

I.  Company.    2.  ABOUT-FACE. 
The  company  and  (m'ecting  oliicer  havmg  faced  to  tho 
rear, 'the  instructor  will  command  : 

3.  Company,  forward, 

§  234.  At  tills  command,  the  coverijig  sergeant  will 
Btep  mto  the  line  of  file  closers,  opposite  to  his  interval, 
and  the  captain  will  place  himself  in  the  rear  rank,  now 
become  the.  front.  ''  ''     ^ 

This  being  done,  the  ia?tructor  will  command: 
4.  MARCH. 

§  235.  At  thjg,  the  directini;  sergeant,  the  captain  and 
the  men,  will  c^hf<irm  themselves  to  what  is  prescribed, 
I  230. 

To  halt  the  company  and  face  it  to  the  front,  the  in- 
structor Vvill  command:     , 

1.  CompjiJiy,  halt.    2.  ABOUT-FACE. 

§  236.   As  soon  as  the  company  is  faced  to  the    front,^ 
tlio  captain,  covering  serge^int,  and  directing  s«rgeant 
will  resume  their  places  in  line. 

Oblique  ir.arch  in  line  of  foa'tle. 

The  company  being  in  the  direct  march,  either  advanc- 
ing or  retiring  in  line,  to  cause  it  to  march  obliquely,  tlie 
iriatruci or  will  command, : 

1.  R'sU-t  (or  left)  oJ)!iqne.    2.  T>i.\ llClf. 

§  237.  At  the-command  march,  the  company  will  take  > 
the obliqrie  step,  and  execute  Ihe  movement  as  prsjscribedi 


44  THL    COMPANY. 

^  238.  lu  tbe  oblique  ninreli  tlie  men  not  havinfr  th« 
touch  of  elbows,  tbe  guide  will  always  be  on  the  side  to- 
wards which  the  oblique  is  made,  without  any  indication 
to,that  efFeet  bein>2:  friveii,  and  when  the  direct  march  is 
resumed,  the  guide  will  bo,  e{|ually  without  iiidication,  on 
the  side  vvhere  it  was  pre\ious  to  the  oblique. 

To  resume  the  direct  march,  the  instructor  will  com- 
piaud  : 

1.  Forwara.    J?.  MARCH. 

§  2o9.  At  the  coramaud  viarch  the  company  will  take 
the  <iirect  step. 

§  2-tO.  The  company  should  now  be  caused  to  execute 
the  following  commands  according  to  the  principles  pre<- 
scribed  in  the  squad  drill-: 

I.  31ark  time.  «.  MARCH. 

J.  Forward.  2.  MARCH. 

1.  Common  time,  2.  MARCH. 

I.  Double  quick.  2.  MARCH. 

1.  (Inick  time.  2.  MAuCH. 

i.  Change  step.  2.  MARiiH. 

1.  Ri,?ht  a])out.  2.  MARCH. 

1.  Right  about.  2.  HAI/r. 

§  211.  The  company  when  marching  in  double  quicl^ 
t!me  should  be  caused  to  bring  their  pieces  to  right  fdioul' 
der  shift  arms,  and  the  distance  between  the  ranks  shoukl 
be  twenty-six  inches.  Whfiu  the  pieces  are  carried  on  the 
right  shoulder,  in  quick  time,  the  distance  between  the 
ranks  should  be  sixteen  inches. 

§  242^  Whenever  tne  company  is  hnlted,  the  men  will 
bring  their  pieces  at  once  to  a  shoulder  at  the  command, 
luilt ;  and  tlie  rear  rank  will  close  tu  its  proper  distance 
of.  thirteen  inches. 

These  rules  are  general. 

To  march  by  the  right  flauk. 

The  company  being  in  line,  at  a  lialt,  and  each  rank 
having  counted  off  by  twos,  the  instructor  will  command; 

J.  Cpmjpaiiy,  ri^ht-FACF,     2.  Forward-MARCHr 


THE    COMrANY.  45 

I  243.  At  the  first  command,  tlie  company  will  face 
to  the  right,  the  covering  sergeant  will  jilace  himself  at 
the  head  of  the  front  rank,  the  captain  having  stepped  out 
for  the  purpose,  so  far  as  to  find  himself  b}-  the  side  of  the 
sergeant,  and  on  his  left ;  the  front  rank  will  double  as  is 
prescribed,  §  39 ;  the  rear  rank  will,  at  the  same  time,  side 
step  to  the  right  one  pace,  and  double  in  the  same  manner, 
so  that  when  tlie  movement  is  completed,  the  files  will  bo 
formed  of  four  men  aligned,  and  elbow  to  elbow.  The 
intervals  will  be  preserved.  The  file  closers  \\\\\  also  move 
by  side  step  to  tlie  right,  so  that  when  the^ranks  are  formed, 
they  will  be  two  paces  from  the  remotest  rank. 

I  244.  At  the  command  march,  the  company  will  move 
off  briskly  in  quick  time  ;  the  covering  sergeant  at  the 
head  of  tlie^ront  rank,  and  the  captain  on  his  left,  will 
march  straight  forward.  The  men  of  each  file  will  march 
abreast  of  their  respective  front  rank  men,  heads  direct  to 
the  front ;  the  file  closers  will  march  opposite  to  their  places 
in  line  of  battle. 

To  cause  the  march  by  the  left  flank,  the  company  being 
if  line  and  at  a  halt,  thL'  comm.and  is : 

1.  Company,  left-FACE.    2.  Forward-MARCK. 

I  245.  At  the  first  command,  the  con>pany  will  face 
to  the  left;  the  ranks  will  double  as  prescribed,  §41:*' 
the  rear  rank  will  side  step  to  the  left  one  pace  before 
doubling.  The  left  guide  Vs-jll  place  himself  at  the  head 
of  the  front  rank  ;  the  captain  will  pass  rapidly  to  the 
left,  and  place  himself  by  the  right  side  of  this  guide;  the 
covering  sergeant  will  replace  tlie  captain  in  the  front 
rank,  the  mou:ient  the  latter  cjuits  if  to  go  to  the  left.  At 
the  conmiand  mav.h,  the  company  will  move  (vtf  in  cpiick 
time. 

To  halt  the  company  marching  b}-  the  flank  to  face  it 
to  the  front,  the  instructor  will  command : 

1.  Company.    2.  HALT.    3.  FRONT. 


*If  the  instructor  wish  the  company  to  face  to  the  riglit  or 
left,  without  doubling  tiles,  he  must  caution  them  to  that  etTect. 
The  above  coiuman  Js  might  be  varied  thus  :  Convpanyy  two 
ranke,  r'wM  (or  l<''ft)-Y kqv:. 


40  THE    COMPAInY. 

§  2-4G.  11  le  second  and  third  comman4s'  will  be.  exe- 
cuted as  prescribed,  ^  42"  and  43.  As  soon  as  tlie  fdes 
have  und()ul)lcd,  the  rear  rank  will  close  to  its  proper 
dih^tance.  The  Captain,  and  covering  sergeant,  as  well  as 
the  left  guide,  if.-.the  march  be  by^  the  left  Hank,  will  re-*, 
turn  to  their  habitual  places  in  line  at  the  instant  the  cr-m- 
pany  faces  to  the  front.  The  captain  \vl!l^'ectify  the  align- 
ment. 

The  company 'being  faced  by  Hank  and  cither  in  march, 
or  at  a  halt;  to  cau^e  it  to  change  direction  by  fiie,  tlio  in- 
.structor  will  commaaid : 

1/  By  iiie  left  (or  right.)    2,  MARCH. 

.  S  247.  At  the  commi^d  marc%^Qi ^vst  file  v.'ill  w'heel ; 
if  to  tlie  side  of  the  front  rank  man,  the  latLa*  mil  take 
care  not'  to  turn  at  once,  but  to  describe  a  slrorf^rc  of  a 
circle,  shortening  9,  little  the  first  live  cr  six  stejis,  in  order 
to  give  time  to  the  'fourth  yian  of  this  tile-  to  confurm  him- 
self to  the  movement.  If  to  the  r.ide.of  ,thc  rear  rank,  the 
front  rank  man  will  wheel  in  -the  step  of  twenty-eight 
inches',  i'fnd  thf' fourth  "man  will  conform  himself*  to  the 
movement  by  describing  tlie  short  arc  of  a  circle  as  has 
been  explained.  Each  file  will  come  to  wheel  on  the  same 
g.ri.)UTid  Avhere  that  v.'hich  pi-eccded  it  \v]n  ■  ^ 

The  company  being  iii  march  by  the  i  .  to  form 

it  qh  the  right  by  file  into  line  of  battle,  the  nj^ii'Ueior  will 
command  : 

1.  On  the  right^  by  file  into  Hue.    2.  MAK.CH. 

§24g. -At  the   command   viarch,  the   rear  .  rank  men, 
doubledj  will  mark  time  ;  the  captain  and  the  covering  ser- 
geant will  turn  to '•the  right,  tnarch  straight  forward,  and 
be  halte*^  }^'  the  instructor  when  they  shall  have. passed  at 
least  six  paces  beyond  the  rank  of  file  closers  ;  tlie  captjiin 
Avill  place  himself,  correctly  on  the  line  of  battle,  and  will 
direct  the  alignm^'nt,  as  the -men  of  the  front  rank  sucTcs- 
!;,ivel^fc^Tive;  the    covering  i5ergeaft:\t   will   ;|^)lace  himself 
bchindtne  captain,  at  the  distance  of  the  rear  rank.    .The 
two  men  oivthe  right  of  the  front  raidvxloablcd,  will  con- 
tinue  to  march,  and  passing  beyo^id  the  co\'ering  sergeant 
and  the  captain,  vali  turn  to    the  right;  after  turning, 


•  THE    COMPAXT.  .      47 

thev  ^vill  continue  to  march  elbow  to  elbow,  and 
direct,  thejuselvcs  towards  the  line  of  battle,  but  when 
they  shall  arrive  at  two  paces  from  this  line,  the 
even  number  wfll  shorten  the  step  sc^  that  the  odd 
number  may  precede  him  (.n  the  line,-»  the  odd  num-^ 
her  placing'  himself  by  .the  side  and  on  the  left  of 
the  captain  ;  th(*iyen  number  will  afterwarrl.s  oblique 
to  the  left,  and  place  himself  on  the  left  of  the  odd  num- 
ber. Tho  ncxt'tv/<f  mon  of  the  fror.t  rank  doubled,  will 
pass  in  the  same  manner  bejiind  the  tw9.tirst.  turn  then 
to  the  right  and  [>lace  themselves,  according  to  the 
means  just  explained,  to  the  left,  and  by  the  side  of.  the 
two  men  already  established  on  the  line  ;  thejemaining 
tiles  of  this  rank  .will  follow  in  succession  and  be  form- 
ed to  t^e  left  in  the  same  manner.  The  rear  rank 
drsublecl^Avill.  execute  the  movement  in  the  maniier 
already  explained  for  the  front  rank,  taking  cane  to 
mark  time^until  four  men  of  the  front  rank  are  estab- 
lished on  the  line  of  battle,  and  as  4hey  arrive  on  the 
line,  to  cover  accurately  their  file  leaders. 

If  the  company  be  marching  by  the  left  flank,  to  cause 
it  to  form  by  life  on  the  left-into  line  of  battle,  the  com- 
mand is  : 

1.^^11  the  left,  by  file  into  line.     2.  MARCH. 

^249.  At  tho  comniand  marcJi,  the  same  movements 
will  be  made  to  the  left ;  the  files  coming  into  line  on 
the  right  of  the  captain,  and  left  guide,  and  the  odd  num- 
bers shortening  the  step,  so  tliat  the  even  numbers  may 
precede  them  on  the  line.  The  captain  dnd  left  guide 
willj:cturn  to  their  places  in  line  of  battle  as  soon  as  the 
company  is  formed  and  aligned. 

-If  the  company  be  marchi.rig  by  the  right  flan=}f,  and 
the  instructor  should  wish  to  undouble  the  files,  he  will 
command : 

1.  In  two  ranks,  uudauMe  files.     2.  MARCH. 

^  250.  At  the  command  march,  the  old  numbers  will 
continue  to  march  straight  forward,  the  even  numbers 
will  shorten  tlie  step,  and  obliquing  to  the  left  vv'ill  place 
themselves  prom].;tly  behind  the  odd  numbers:  the  rear 
rank  men  will  gain*^a  step  to  the  left,  and  re-take  the 
ouch,  of  elbows. 


43  THE    COMPANY. 

^  2")1.  If  iiie  company  be  inarchingbj  the  left  flank,  it 
will  be   llic  even  nnmijers  who  will  conlinue  to  inarch 
forward,  and  the  odd  numbers  who  will  niidouble. 
To  cause  the  files  to  be  doubled,  the  command  is: 
1,  In  four  ranks,  doxible  files.     2.  MARCH. 

§  252.  At  the  command  inarch,  the  files  will  doubl^ 
in  the  manner  as  explained,  when  the  company  faces 
by  the  right  or  left  flank. 

Post  of  Officers  in  Column. 

,  §  253.  In  column'ly  company,  the  captain  is  two  paces 
in  front  of  the  centre  ot  his  company  ;  the  first  ser- 
geant on  the  right  of  the  front  rank,  and  is  the  right 
guide  of  the  company  ;  the  second  sergeant  on  the  left 
of  the  front  rank,  and  is  the  left  guide  of  the  company. 

§254.  In  cohimnJ)]/  'platoon,  tlie  captain  comuinads 
the  first  platoon,  the  first  lieutenant  the  second  platoon: 
each  two  paces  in  front  of  the  ccntreof  his  platoon;  the 
first  sergeant  is  tlie  guide  of  the  first  platoon  :  theseconcl 
sergeant  is  the  guide  of  the  second  platoon  :  they  will  be 
unless  otherwise  ordered,  on  the  left  of  the  front  rank  of 
their  respective  platoon,  if  .th^  column 'to  be  right  in 
front,  and  on  the  right,  if  the  left  be  in  front.  In  the 
route  step,  the  chiefs  of  platoons  take  the  place  of  the 
guides  on  the  directing  flank,  and  are  covered  by  the  lat- 
ter in  the  rear  raidf. 

^  255.  In  column  hy  section,  the  captain  commands 
the  first  section  :  the  first  lieutenant  the  third  ;  the  se- 
cond lieutenant  the  second;  and  the  third  lieutenant  the 
fourth  section  ;  each  two  paces  in  front  of  the  centre  of 
his  section  ;  the  first  sergeant  is  the  guide  of  the -first' 
section,  the  second  sergeant  is  the  guide  of  W^.e  fourth; 
the  third  sergeant  is  guide  of  the  third  ;  and  the  fourth 
sergeant  i^  guide  of  the  second  section  ;  ench  on  the  left 
of  the  front  rank  of  his  section,  if  the  column  be  right 
in  front,  and  on  the  right,  if  the  left  be  in  front.  In  the 
route  step,  the  chiefs  of  sections  take  the  place  of  the 
guides  on  the  directing  flank,  and  are  covered  by  the 
latter  in  the  rear  rank. 

^  256.  In  cohimn  by  company,  platoon  or  section,  the 
file  closers,  not  otlierwise  provided  for,  are  in  their  pro- 


THE   COAiPANY.  49 

per  places  beliintl  the  rear  rank   of  their  respective    sub- 
divisions. 

Movement^    iu   Columu. 

The  company  being  in  march  by  the  right  flank,  the 
instructor,  wishing  to  form  it  into  line,  as  a  subdivision  of 
column,  will  command: 

1.   By  comiiauy,  into  line.   2,  MARCH. 

■?  257.  At  the  command  march^  the  covering  sergeant 
will  continue  to  march  straight  forward;  the  men  will  ad- 
vance the  right  shoulder,  take  the  double  quick  step,  and 
move  into  line,  by  tlie  shortest  route,  taking  care  to  un- 
double  the  files,  and  come  on  the  line  one  after  another. 
As  the  front  i-ank  men  successively  arrive  in  line  with  the 
covering  sergeant,  they  will  take  the  step  from  him,  and 
then  turn  their  eyes  to  the  front. — The  rear  rank  will  can- 
form  to  the  movements  of  their  respective  file  leaders.  The 
captain  as  soon  as  the  company  is  formed  will  coinmand 
(juide  left,  place  himself  before  the  centre,  face  to  the 
front  and  take  the  step  of  the  company.  At  the  command 
guide  left,  the  second  serg-eant  will  promptlv  place  him- 
self in  the  front  rank,  on  the  lef'^  t )  serve  as*guide. 

§  258.  The  company  being  in  march  by  the  left  flank, 
this  movement  will  be  executed  by  the  same  commands, 
and  according  to  the  same  principles;  the  company  being 
formed,  the  captain  will  command  f/uide  right;  the  cov- 
ering sergeant  on  the  right  of  the  front  rank  will  serve  as 
guide,  and  the  second  sergeant,  placed  on  the  left  flank, 
will  remain  there. 

The  company  marching  by  the  flank,  the  instructor  will 
cause  it  to  form  platoons  by  the  command  : 

1.  By  platoon,  into  line.    2.  MARCH. 

^259.  This  movement  will  be  executed  by  each  pla- 
toon according  to  the  above  principles.  Both  the  captain, 
and  lieutenant,  at  the  instant  their  respective  platoons  are 
formed,  will  command  o-?/?<^^  Z<^/6,  (or  right):  when  the 
guide  of  each  platoon  will  pass  rapidly  to  the  indicated 
flank  of  the  platoon,  if  not  already  there. 

If  the  instructor  wish  to  exercise  the  company  in  pars- 
ing from  the    march  by  the  front  to    the    march  by  the 

3 


r'yO  THE    COMPA.Vr, 

ilanlc,  or  from  the  march  by    tho    flanl^  to   tlio  march  hy 
the  front,  in  either   case,  he   will   employ  the    command  ; 

1.  Company  by  the  right  (cr  left)  flank.    2.  MARCH. 

§  200.  The  company  will  face  to  the  right  or  left,  in 
marchinc^,  in  the  manner  prescribed  §  45, and  the  captain, 
the  guides  and  file  elosers,  will  conform  themselves  to 
what  is  prescribed  for  each  in  the  march  by  the  flank,  or 
in  the  march  by  the  front  of  a  company  supposed  to  be  a 
subdivision  of  a  colnmn.  If,  after  facing  to  the  right  or 
left  in  marching,  the  company  find  itself  faced  by  the  rear 
rank,  the  captain  will  place  himself  two  paces  behind  the 
centre  of  the  front  rank,  now  in  the  rear,  the  guides  will 
pass  to  the  rear  rank,  now  leading,  andthe  file  closers 
will  march  in  front  of  this  rank. 

If  the  company  be  marching  in  column  by  platoon,  the 
right  in  front,  and  the  instructor  should  wish  it  to  march  by 
the  flank  in  the  same  direction,  he  will  command  : 

1.   Column,  by  the  right  flaiik.    «.   By  file  left. 
3.  M\RCII. 

§  2G1.  At  the  second  command,  each  chief  ofplatqon 
and  its  guide  will  pass  rapidly  to  the  right  l^ankto  conduct 
it.  At  the  command  march^  each  platoon  will  face  to  the 
right  in  marching,  wheel  by  file  to  the  left  and  then  march 
straightforward;  the  leading  tile  of  the  second  platoon  will 
unite  with  the  rear  file  of  the  first;  the  chief  and  guide  of 
the  second  a  pace  before  the  union,  will  pass  through  the 
interval  to  their  places  as  file  closei-F. 

^  262.  With  the  left  in  front,  the  movement  will  be  ex- 
ecuted by  inverse  means,  substituting  in  the  command 
left  for  right  and  right  for  hjt.  The  captain,  (if  a  halt  be 
not  immediately  commanded,)  will  replace  the  first  lieut- 
enant and  conduct  the  left  flank,  and  the  covering  sergeant 
will  return  to  his  place  on  the  right  flank,  now  the 
The  company  being  at  a  halt  in  line  of  battle,  the  instruct- 
or, wishing  it  to  break  into  column,  by  platoon  to  the  " 
will  cOinmand  : 

1.  By  platoon,  right-wheel.    2.  MARCH 

§  263.  At  the   first  command  the  chiefs  of  platoon  will 


geant 
rear.   | 
truct-   J 
right,  1 


THE  COMPANY  SI 

rnpirlly  place  themselves  two  paces  before  the  centr:s  of 
their  resjective  platoons,  the  lieutenant  passing  avou  d 
the  left  of  the  company,  (ami  caution  theni  as  to  theiuleS 
for  wheeling  from  a  halt.)  The  covering  sergeant  v\  ill 
replace  the  captain  in  the  front  rank.  At  the  comm:  nd 
march,  the  right  front  rank  man  of  each  platoon  will  face 
to  the  right,  the  coverng  sergeant  standing  fast ;  the  chief 
of  each  plat)on  will  move  quickly  by  the  shortest  line,  a 
little  beyond  the  point  at  which  the  mar<:hing  flank  will 
rest  when  the  wheel  shall  be  completed,  face  to  the  late 
roar,  and  plac3  himself  so  that  the  line  which  he  forms 
with  the  man  on  the  right  (who  has  faced)  shall  be  per- 
pendicular to  that  occupied  by  the  company  in  line  of 
battle  ;  each  platoon  will  wheel  according  to  the  principles 
prescribed  §  S"?,  find  when  the  man  who  conducts  the 
mar.diing  fiank  shall  approach  within  three  paces  of  the 
perpendicular,  its  chief  will  command,  Platoon^  Halt. 

At  this  command,  the  platoon  will  halt;  the  covering 
sergeant  will  move  to  the  point  where  the  left  of  the 
platoon  is  to  rest,  passing  by  the  front  rank  ;  the  second 
sergeant  will  place  himself  in  like  manner,  in  respect  to 
the  second  platoon.  Each  will  leave,  between  himself  and 
the  man  on  the  right  of  his  platoon,  a  space  e<|ual  to  iis 
front;  each  chief  being  assured  thai  the  guide  of  his 
platoon  is  thus  established  on  the  perpendicular,  will  step 
back  two  pace>',  and  command,  X^•/t-DKE><s.  The  align- 
ment being  ended,  each  chief  will  command  Front,  and 
place   himself  before    the  centre  of  his  platoon. 

§  264.  The  company  will  break  by  platoon  to  the  left 
according  to  the  same  principles,  and  by  inverse  means. 
The  commands  are : 

1.  By  platoon,  left  whef  I.    2.  MARCH.    3.  Platoon. 

4.  HALT.    5.  Right-DRESS.     G.  FIJONT. 

To  march  in  column. 

The  company  having  broken  by  platoon,  right  (or  left), 
jn  front,  if  the  instructor  wish  the  column  to  march,  he 
will  command : 

1.  Colu:nn    forward.    2.  Guiile  left  (or  right). 

3.  illAUCIi. 


52  THE    COMPANY. 

§  265.  At  the  coinmaiu]  mnrch.  pmnptly  repeated  ly 
the  chiefs  of  platoon,  tlicwi.ole  will  s-tep  oil' together.  Tic 
men  will  eacli  feel  lightly  the  elbow  of  his  neiglibor  to- 
wards the  guide,  and  conform  himself  in  niarchii^.g  to  the 
principles  prescribed  in  the  squad  diill.  The  man  nextto 
the  guide  in  each  platoon  will  take  care  never  to  pass  hiin, 
and  also  to  march  about  six  inches  to  the  right  (or  left) 
from  him.  The  leading  guide  will  observe  with'piecision, 
the  length  and  cadence  of  the  step,  and  maintain  thediiec- 
tion  of  his  march  by  the  means  prcscrilcd  §  230.  Tl  e 
guide  of  the  following  platoon  will  march  exactly  in  the 
trace  of  the  leading  one,  preserviig-  between  the  latter  and 
himself  a  distance  precisely  equal  to  the  front  of  his  pla- 
toon, and  marching  in  the  same  step  with  the  leading 
guide. 

§  266.  If  t'le  company  be  broken  into  column  hy  sec- 
tion it  will  be  put  in  march  by  the  same  commands  and 
acccrding  to  the  same  principles. 

To  change  direclion  of  the  colwmii. 

§  267.  Change  of  direction  while  marching  will  be 
executed  as  a  general  rule,  by  wheeling.  '\\'henever, 
therefore,  the  diiection  of  the  column  is  to  be  changed^ 
the  instructor  will  change  the  guide,  if  not  already  thei  e, 
to  the  .ilank  opposite  to  the  side,  to  which  the  change  is 
to  be  made. 

§  268.  The  column  beiiifr  in  march  right  in  front,  if 
the  instructor  wish  to  change  diiection  to  the  left,  he  will 
send  a  marker  to  the  ]iointat  which  the  change  is  to  be 
made,  who  will  i)lnce  himself  on  the  diiection  of  the  guides 
so  as  to  present  the  breast  tn  that  Hank  of  the  column. 
He  will  then  command,  6'w/c7t-RjGH  r,  and  direct  the  chief 
of  the  lirst  i)latoon  to  lead  the  licad  of  column  to  theleft. 
"When  the  leading  guide  shall  have  approached  witliin 
four  paces  of  the  n)aiker  (or  m  heeling  point),  the  chief  of 
the  first  platoon  wiU  command : 

1.  Jeft  Mhccl. 

A\  the  instant  the  guide  shall  have  arrived  cpposite  the 
maiker  (or  wheeling  point),  the  chief  of  the  platoon  will 
command  : 

2.  MARCH, 


THE    COMPANY,  6S 

At  this,  the  platoon  will  wheel  to  tlie  left.  The  wheel 
being  nearly'  finished,  the  chief  (^f  the  platoon  will  cojii- 
mand : 

S.  Forward. 
And  when  completely  finished,  he  will  a^nimand  > 

^.  MARCH. 
At  which  the  platoon  will  march  straight  forward  in  the 
new  direction  ;  whem  the  chicif  wiii  immecHatel y  command  : 

5.  Ciiidc^IiEFT. 

At  this,  the  guide  will  shift  to  the  left,  passing  ia  frou;t 
of  the  platoon  and  in  rear  of  its  chief, 

'  §  2G9.  The  second  i)latoon  will  continue  to  march 
straight  forward  till  iiu  \rith  the  marker,  when  it  will  wheel 
to  the  left,  and  retake  the  direct  march  by  the  same  com- 
mands and  the  same  njeaus  ^'hich  governed  the  first  pla- 
toon. 

^  270.  The  column  being  in  march  right  in  front,  the 
change  of  direc4;ion  to  the  right  by  wheeling  will  be  executr 
(■i\  according  to  tlie  sanie  principles  but  by   inverse   means. 

§  271.  Tlie  changes  of  direction  in  a  column,  left  ia 
front,  ^^'ill  be  executed,  acconling  to  the  same  principles. 

To  Jialt  the  column,  and  to  form  to  the   right   or  left 

into  line,  either  at  a  halt  or  on  the  march. 

The  cokitnn  being  in  march,  right  in  ffont,  to  halt  it,  the 
instructor  will  coinmand  : 

J.  Cplumit^    Z.   HAi/r. 

§  272.  At  the  second  command,  promptl}-  repeated  by 
the  chiefs  of  platoon,  the  column  will  halt  ;  the  guides  also 
will  standfast,  although  th'-y  may  have  lost  both  distance 
and  direction. 

Tlie  instructor  wishing  to  form  it  into  a  line,  will  place 
himself  at  platoon  distance  in  front  of  the  leading  guide,  face 
to  him  and  rectify,  if  necessary,  the  position  of  the  guide  bcs- 
yond  :  which  being  executed,  he  will  command: 

l.eft-DRE^S. 

^  273.  At  this  command,  which  will  not  be  repeated  by 
(the  chiefs  of  platoon,  each  of  them  will  place  himself  briskly 


54  THE    COMPANY. 

two  paces  otitsiele  of  his  guide,  and  direct  the  alignment  of 
the  platoon  perpendicularly  to  the  direction  of  the  column. 
Each  chief,  having  aligned  his  platoon,  will  conmiand  Fro^'t, 
^nd  return  quickly  to  his  place  in  cohunn.  The  instructor 
Avill  then  conmiand  : 

1.  Left  into  line,  wlieel.    '1.  MARCH, 

I  274.  At  the  command  march,  briskly  i-epeated  b}-  tlie 
chiefs  of  platoon,  the  front  rank  man  on  the  left  of  each  ]>la- 
toon  will  face  to  the  left,  and  place  his  breast  lightly  against 
;the  arm  of  the  guide  by  his  side,  who  stands  fast  ;  the  pla- 
toons will  wheel  to  the  left  on  the  principle  of  wheels  from 
a  halt.  Each  chief  will  turn  to  Ins  j^latoon  to  observe  its 
movement,  and  wln-n  the  marching  flftnk  of  his  platoon  is 
three  paces  from  the  line^he  will  command:  1.  PlMooi}. 
2.  Halt.  The  chii.'f  yf  the  second  platoon  having  halted  it, 
will  innnediately  return  to  his  phice  as  a  file  Closer,  passing 
around  the  left.  Tlie  captnin  will  tlien  move  rapidly  to  the 
point  at  v.diich  the  right  of  the  company  Avill.rest  in  the  line 
of  battle  and  ccmmand  :  ii'/j/AZ-DuEss.  At  this  command 
the  two  platoons  will  dress  up  on  the  alignment.  The 
company  being  aligned,  the  captain  will  command  :  Fhont;; 
and  the  instructor,  seeing  the  company  in  line  of  battle  will 
p<jmniand  : 

Guides-POSTS. 

At  this,  the  covering  sergeant  Avill  cover  the  captain  and 
the  left  giiide  will  return  to  his  place  as  a  file  closer. 

§  275.  If  the  left  be  in  front,  the  company  will  bo 
formed  to  the  right  into  line,  upon  the  same  principles  and 
by  inverse  means.  The  instructor  will  conm^and:  1.  Uifjlit 
into  line, 'wheel.  2.  Mai.ch.  The  captain,  having  halted 
the  first  platoon,  will  go  to  the  point,  at  which  the  left  of 
the  company  will  rest  in  line,  and  give  the  command:  Left- 
Dee.ss:  seeing  both  platoons  aligned,  he  will  add  Front  ; 
and  at  the  command,  GuUr^S'Voa'fS,  given 'by  tlie  instruci 
tor,  the  captain  will  promptly  shift  to  the  right  of  thecom-s 
pany. 

§  27G.  If  the  column  be  marching  right  in  front,  to 
form  it  into  line  without  halting  the  colunm,  the  instructor 
will  give  the  command??  proscribed  §  273.  At  the  com- 
mand march  jhrialdy  re])eated  by  the  chiefs  of  platoon,  the  left 
guides  will  halt  shor^  the  instructor,  tliQ  cluefs  of  jplatooja 


THE    COMPANY.  OQ 

and  the  plaoons,  t\'ill  conform  to  wliat  is  prescribed,  §  274. 

§  277.  If  the  column  be  in  march  left  in  front,  this  for- 
mation will  be  made,  according  to  the  same  principles  and 
by  inverse  means.  - 

§  278,  If  the  colnmn  be  marching  right  in  front,  to 
form  it  into  lino  without  halting,  and  to  march  the  conit 
pany  in  line  to  the  front,  the  command  is: 

J.  By  platoons,  left  wheel.    3.  MARCH. 

At  the  commancTw  n'c7/j  briskly  repeated  by  the-  chiefs 
of  platoon,  the  left  guides  will  halt:  the  man  next  to  the 
left  guide  in  each  platoon  will  mark  time;  the  phUoonswill 
wheel  to  the  left,  conforming  to  the  principles  of  the  wheel 
on  a  fixed  pivot.  When  the  right  of  the  platoons  shall 
arrive  near  the  line  of  battle,  the  instructor  will  cuni- 
mand  : 

3.  Forward.    4.  MARCH.     5.  Guide  rig^lit  (or  left.) 

At  the  fourth  command,  given  at  the  instant  the  wheel 
is  completed,  the  company  will  move  off  together,  the 
captain,  the  chief  of  the  second  platoon,  the  covering  ser- 
geant, and  the  left  guide  will  ^ake  their  positions  as  ii^ 
line  of  battle.  At  the  fifth  command,  to  be  given  im- 
mediately after  the  fourth,  the  captain  and  covering  ser- 
geant, if  not  already  there,  will  uiove  briskly  to  the  side 
on  which  the  guide  is  designated. 

§  279.  The  same  principles  q,re  applicable  to  a  column 
ijft  in  front. 

To  hreali  the  company  into  platoons. 

The  company  marching  right  in  front  and  supposed  to 
make  part  of  a  column,  to  cause  it  to  break  by  platoon, 
the  instructor  will  command  : 

1.  Break  iato  Platoons     2.  MARCH, 

§■  280.  At  the  first  command^  the  captain  will  place  him- 
self before  the  centre  of  the  first  platoon,  and  give  the 
qaiition:  1  First  yJa'oon^  %'.  Forward-,  the  first  lieutenant 
will  pass  quickly  around  the  left  to  the  centre  of  his  ph\- 
toon,  and  give  the  caution  :  1.  Seconl  platoon,  '1,  Alarh 
t  m  \  At  the  command  march,  promptly  repeated  by  the 
captain  and  first  lieutenant,  the  first  platoon  will  continue 
to  march  straightforward — the  covering  sergeant,  as  soon 


00  THE   COMPANY. 

as  the  flank  is  disenga;?e(l,  will  shift  to  the  left  flank 
of  this  platoon,  the  second  platoon  will  begin  to  mark  time, 
audits  chief  will  immediately  add:  1,  Bight  oblique.  '2, 
Maucii.  The  last  command  will  be  given  so  that  this 
platoon  may  commence  obliquing  the  instant  the  rear 
rank  of  the  first  platoon  shall  have  passed. 

The  gnide  of  the  second  platoon  being  near  the  di- 
rection of  the  guide  of  the  first,  the  chief  of  the  second  will 
command;  1.  !Por«^an/,  and  add,  2.  March,  the  instant 
that  the  guide  of  his  platoon  shall  cover  tlfe  ouide  of  the 
first. 

^  2S1.  In  a  column,  left  in  front,  the  company  \Vill 
break  into  platoons  by  inverse  means,  applying  to  the  first 
platoon  all  that  has  been  prescribed  for  the  second,  and  re- 
ciprocally.. In  this  case,  the  left  guide  of  the  company 
will  shift  to  the  ri^-ht  flank  of  the  second  platoon,  and  the 
covering  sergeant  will  rtimaiu  on  the  right  of  the  first. 

To  re-form  the  companj'^* 

The  column,  by  platoon^  being  in  march,  right  in  front, 
to  form  company,  the  instructor  will  command: 
I.  Form  Company.  2,  MARCH. 

§  2S2j  At  the  first  command,  tlie  captain  will  give  the 
caution:  ].  f\rd  platoon,  2.  Iiigh/.  ohligne;  the  first 
lieutenant  will  give  the  caution:  \.  Second  platoon.  I.For-i 
ward.  At  the  command  marcli,  promptly  repeated  by  the 
captain  and  first  lieutenant,  the  first  platoon  will  oblique 
to  the  right  in  order  to  unm;  sk  th  )  second — the  covering 
sergeaut  will  return  to  the  right  of  the  company — and  the 
second  will  coiitinue  to  march  straight  forward.  When 
the  first  platoon  shall  have  nearly  unmasked  the  Second,  the 
paptain  will  command:  \ .  }farlc  time,  and  at  the  instaut 
the  unmaskiag  shall  be  complete,  he  v/ill  add;  2.  March. 
The  second  platoon  having  coutinuod  to  maix;h  straight  for-: 
ward,  Avhen  it  shall  be  nearly  up  with  the  first,  the  captain 
will  command:  ?>,  Compn'ny,  A.  Forward,  and  at  the 
instant  the  two  platoons  shall  unite,  add:  5.  !March  ;  the 
first  platoon  will  then  cease  to  mark  time-,  the  whole  com- 
pany will  march  off  together,  and  the  chief  of  the  second 
platoon  Avill  pass  quickly  around  the  left  to  his  place  in 
the  rear  of  the  com  pan  V. 


THE    COMPANY.  57 

§.  283.  In  a  column  left  in  front,  the  same  movement  will 
be  executed  by  inverse  means.  The  guide  of  the  second 
platoon,  on  its  right,  -will  pass  to  its  left  flank,  the  moment 
the  platoon  begins  to  oblique  ;  the  guide  of  the  first  remain- 
ing on  the  right  flank  of  his  platoon. 

§  284.  The  com  pan}'  marching  in  column  by  platoon, 
right  (or  left)  in  front,  may  be  broken  into  sections,  and  re- 
formed into  platoons,  according  to  the  same  principles. 

To  break  files  to  the  rear,  and  to  cause  them  to  re-enter 
into  line. 

The  company  being  in  march  and  constituting  part 
of  a  column,  right  in  front,  to  cause  files  to  break  off  from 
the  left,  the  instructor  will  command  : 

1.  Two  files  from  left  to  rear.    2.       ARCII. 

§  28-5.  At  the  command  march,  the  first  two  files  on  the 
left  of  the  company  will  mark  time,  the  others  will  continue 
to  march  straight  forward  ;  the  two  rear  rank  men  of  the 
files  will,  as  soon  as  the  rear  rank  of  the  company  shall 
clear  them,  move  to  the  right  b}''  advancing  tlic  outer  shoul- 
der ;  the  odd  niunbcr  will  place  himself  behind  the  third 
file  from  that  flank,  the  even  .number  behind  the  fourth", 
passing  for  this  purpose  behind  the  odd  number,  the  two 
front  rank  men  Mill,- in  like  manner,  move  to  the  right  when 
the  rear  rank  of  the  company  shall  clear  them,  the  odd 
number  will  place  himself  behind  the  first  file,  the  even 
number  behind  the  second  fil^,  j^assing  for  this  purpose  be- 
hind the  odd  number. 

§  28G.  If  the  instructor  should  still  wit-h  to  break  two 
files  from  the  same  side,  he  will  give  the  same  order  ;  at  the 
command  'inarch,  the  files  already  broken,  advancing  a  little 
the  outer  shoulder,  will  gain  the  space  of  two  files  to  the 
right,  shortening,  at  the  sanic  time,  the  step,  in  order  to 
make  room  between  themselves  and  the  rear  rank  of  the 
company  for  the  files  last  ordered  to  the  rear:  the  latter  will 
break  in  the  same  manner  as  the  first.  The  men  who  double 
should  increase  the  length  of  the  step  in  order  to  prevctit 
distances  from  being  lost. 

If  the  files  are  broken  fr^im  the  riglit.  the  command  will 
bo:  -  . 

1.  Two  files  from  the  right  to  rear,    «J.  MARCH, 


58  THE    COMPANY. 

§  287.  At  the  command  rnairJi,  the  files  will  move-to  the 
left,  advancing  the  outer  shoulder,  the  even  number  of  the 
rear  rank  will  place  himself  behind- the  tliird  lilq,  the  odd 
number  oT  the  same  rank  Ix-hind  the  fourth  ;  the  even  ninn- 
ber  of  the  front  rank  bcihind  the  first  file,  the  odd  number  of 
the  same  rank  l)ehind  tlie  second,  the  odd  numbers  for  this 
purpose  passing  behind  the  even  numbers. 

§  288.  When  the  front  of  the  company  is  thus  diminish- 
ed by  breaking  off  successive  groups  of  two  files,  the  new 
files  must  always  be  broken  from  the  same  side. 

If  the  instructor  wish  the  files  broken  off  to  return  into 
line,  he  Avill  command  : 

J.  Two   files  into  line.     2.   MARCH. 

§289.  At  the  command  7?? «?'c7?,  the  first  two  files  of  those- 
marching  by  the  flank,  will  return  briskly  into- line,  and  the 
others  wiil  gain  the  space  of  two  files  by  advancing  the  inner 
shoulder  towards  the  iiank  to  wdiich  they  belong.. 

§  290.  On  the  same  principles  any  number  of  files  may 
be  broken  off  together,  in  which  case  the  command,  will 
be;  Four  07'  six  Jilts  from  the  left  [or  right)  to  rear; 
March  ;  and  any  number  of  files  may  be  brought  into  line 
at  once,  by  the  command:  -Four  or  six  file  into  line: 
March.  Whenever  there  is  on"  the  right  er  left  of  a  sub- 
division, a  file  which  does  not  belong  to  a  group,  it  will  be 
broken  ofi"  and  brought  into  line  siiigly.  . 
The  Column  in  Route. 

The  company  being  in  march,  and  supposed  to  constitute 
part  of  a  column,  if  the  instructor  wish  to  mv^rch  in  the 
route  step,  he  will  cominand : 

1.  Route  step.     2.  MARCH. 

§  291.  At  the  command  march,  repeated  by  the  captain 
"the  front  rank  will  continue  the  stcj)  of  twenty-eight  inches, 
the- rear  rank  will  take,  l)y  gradually  shortiiuing  the  step, 
the  distance  of  twenty-eight  inches  from  the  front  rank; 
the  men,  without  further  cominand,  will  innnediately  carry 
their  arms  a/^  loiU,  ccs  indicated  in  §  Ifo.  They  AviU  no 
longer  be  required  to  march  in  the  cadenced  jiace,  or  with 
the  same  foot,  or  to  remain  silent. 

§  292.  The  company,  inarching  in  the  "route  step,  its 
front'  may  be   diuiinislicd    by.  breaking    into    platoons  or 


THE    COMPANY.  59 

sections,  l)y  the  sa.^ie  commands,  and  by  the  same  means 
a=^  if  the  company  were  marcliingin  tlie  cadenced  step- 
When  tlie  company  break;?  into  pkitoons,  thecliicf  ofeach 
will  ihove  .to  the  think  of  ]iis  phitoon,and  will  take  the 
pla(Je  df  the  guide,  who  will  step  back  into  the  rear 
rank.  As  soon  as  the  ]^latoon3  shall  be  broken,  each 
chief  or'section  will  [ilace  hhiisolf  on  its  directing  flank 
in  the  front  rank  ;  the  guides,  who  wmII  be  thus  displaced, 
will  fall  back  into  the  rear  rank  ;  the  file  closers  -will 
close  up  to  wiLhin  one  pace  of  this  rank.  The  moment 
the  platoons  are  reformed,  the  chiefs  of  the  left  sections 
will  return  to  their  places  as  file  closers. 

I  293.  The  company  marching  in  the  route  step, "the 
instructor  will  cause  it  to  change  direction,  which  will  be 
executed  without  formal  commands;  on  asimple  caution 
from  the  captain  :  the  rear  rank  will  come  up  to  change 
direction  in  the  same  manner  as  the  front  rank.  Each 
rank  will  conform  itself,  although  in  the  route  step,  to 
the  princip'es  presecribed  for  the  change  in  close  ranks, 
with  this  difference  only  ;  that,  in  wheeling,  the  pivot 
man,  instead  of  taking  steps  of  nine,  will  taloi  steps  of 
fourteen  inches,  in  order  to  clear  the  wheeling  point. 
When  the  company  marching  in  the  route  step  shall  halt, 
the  rear  rank  will  close  up  at  the  command  halt,  and 
the   whole   will  shoulder  arms. 

§29-1.  The  company  marching  in  the  route  step,  to 
cause  it  to  piss  to  the  cadence  step,  the  instructor  will 
order  pieces  to  be  brought  to  therightshouder,  and  then 
connnand:  1.  Quick  time.  2.  MARCH.  At  the  command 
march,  the  men  will  resu^^e  the  cadenced  step,  and  will 
close  so  as  to  leave  a  distance  of  sixteen  inches  between 
each  rank.  The  chiefs  and  guides  of  sub-divisions  w.ill 
resume  their  places  in  column.*'' 


■^•S  )metimes  it  is  desirable  to  marcli  ihe  company  in  the  form 
of  the  coliiinn  in  route,  but  in  the  caJenced  step,  iu  which  cise 
the  instructor  will^commiiud:  1.  Open.  Or  er.  2.  M.krcu.  At  the 
comrnand  march,  the  rear  rank  will  take,  by  shorteningf  the  s'ep, 
the  distance  of  four  paces  fj-om  the  front  rank  ,•  each  chief  of  the 
platoon,  or  section,  will  move  to  the  flank  of  his  aubdi vision,  and 


GO  Till-:  ro.Mi'ANr. 

Countermarch. 

Tlie  compain^  being  at  a  halt  and  supposed  to  be.  part 
of  a  column,  riglit  in  Iront.  to  cause  it  to  ccunter-nuirch, 
the  instructor  will  command  : 

1.  Countermarch.    3.    Ctmpany,  right-FACE. 

3.  By  file  left    4.  MARCH. 

§29').  At  the  second  command,  the  company  will  face 
to  the  right,  the  two  guides  to  the  right  about ;  the  cap- 
tain will  go  to  the  right  of  his  company,  and  cause  two' 
files  to  brc-ak  to  the  roar,  and  then  place  himself  by  the 
side  of  the  front  rank  man  to  conduct  him.  ,  At  the  com- 
mand march,  both  guides  will  stand  fast;  the  company 
will  step  oft"  smartly:  the  tlrst  file,  conducted  by  the  cap- 
tain, will  wheel  around  the  right  guide,  and  direct  its 
march  along  the  front  rank  so  as  to  arrive  behind  and 
two  paces  from  the  left  guide:  each  file  will  come  in 
succession  to  wheel  on  the  saipe  ground,  around. the 
right  guide;  the  loadingfilehavingarrived  fit  a  point  op- 
jiosite  to  the  left  guide,  the  captain  will  command  : 

1.  Company.  2,  HAI.T.  3,  FRONT.  4.  Right-DRESS. 

The  first  command  will  be  given  at  four  paces  from 
the  point  where  the  leading  file  is  to  rest.  The  company- 
will  halt  at  the  second  command,  and  at  the  third  it  will 
face  to  the  front.  After  the  fourth  command,  the  captain 
will  step  tvo  paces  outside  of  the  left  guide,  now  on  the 
right,  and  direct  the  aligment,  so  that  the  front  rank 
may  be  enclosed  between  the  guides;  the  company  being 
aligned,  he  will  command  Front,  and  place  himself 
belore  the  centre  of  the  company  as  if  in  column  ;  tlie 
guides,  passing  alongthe  front  rank,  will  shift  to  their 
proper  places,  on  the  right  and  left  ol"  that  rank. 

§  2'JG.  In  a  column  by  platoon  (or  section,)  the  coun- 
termarch will  be  executed  by  the  same  commands,  and 
acording  to  th e  same  principles  ^  the  guide  of  eacJi  platoon 

liike  tliy  place  of  the  glide,  who  will  step  Lack  to  the  icar  rank> 
as  in  the  i-oiite  step.  At  the  coinnmnds:  1.  Chse  Order.  2, 
Mar  .'h;  the  re.  r  r.ii.k  will  clcse  up  and  the  ch  els  and  guideo  of 
suld,visiuu3  will  return'  their  places  in  co'umi. 


THK    COMPANY.  01 

(or  section)  will  face  about,  and  its  chief  will  place  him- 
self by  tht^side  of  the  file  on  the  right  to  conduct  it. 

§  297.  In  a  column  left  in  front,  iJie  command  vvill  be 
executed  by  inverse  commands  and  means,  but  according 
to  the  same  principle's.  Thus,  the  movement  will  be 
made  by  the  right  flank  of  subdivisions,  if  the  right  be  in 
front,  and  by  tbe  left  flank,  if  the  left  be  in  front;  in 
both  cases  the  subdivisions  will  wheel  by  file  to  the  side 
of  the  front  rank. 

The  column  bciiie;  in  march,  to  form  on  the  rig^ht  (or 
left)  into  line  of  battle. 

The  column  by  pla'pon,  right  in  front,  being  in  march, 
to  form  it  on  the  right  into  line  of  battle,  the  instructor 
will  command : 

1.  On  the  right  into  line.    2.    Guide-right. 

§  298.  At  the  second  command,  the  guide  of  each 
platoon  will  sliift  quickly  to  its  right  flank  ;  the  column 
will  continue  to  march  straightforward;  the  instructor 
will  move  briskly  (or  send  a  marker)  to  the  point  at 
which  the  right  of  the  company  ought  forest  in  line,  and 
place  himself  facing  the  point  of" direction  to  the  left 
which  he  will  choose,  The  head  of  the  column  being 
■nearly  opposite  to  the  insiructor,  the  cliief  of  the  first 
platoon  will  command  :  1.  RigJtl  turyi  ;  and  when  exactly 
opposite  to  that  point,  he  will  add  :  Marck7  At  this 
command,  the  first  platoon  will  turn  to  the  right  in  con- 
formity to  the  princii»fcs  prescribed,  §  GO;  its  guide  will 
so  direct  his  march  as  to  bring  the  front  rank  man,  next 
on  his  left,  opposite  to  the  instructor;  the  chief  of  the 
platoon  will  march  before  its  centre,  and  when  its  guide 
sh-all  be  near  the  line,  he  will  command  :  1.  Platoon.  2. 
Halt.  At  this  command,  which  will  be  given  a-t  the 
instant  the  fight  of  the  platoon  shall  arrive  at  the  dis- 
tance of  three  paces  from  the  line  of  battle,  the  platoon 
Avill  Jadt ;  the  files  not  yet  in  line  will  come  up  promptly. 
The  guide  will  throw  liimself  on  the  line  of  battle,  oppo- 
site to  one  of  the  three  left  files  of  his  platoon,  and  face 
to  the  instructor,  who  will  align  him  on  the  point  of  di- 
rection to  the  left.  The  chief  of  platoon  will,  as  soon 
as  he  sees  all  the  files  of  the  platooo  in  line,  command  ; 


G2  ,  THE    COMPAXy. 

§  200.  The  second  platoon  will  continue  to  march 
straight  forward,  until  its  guide-"  sliall  arrive  opposite  to 
the  left  file  of  the  firi?t ;  it  ^vill  then  turn  to  the  right  at 
the  command  of  its  chief,  and  mtirch  towards  the  line  of 
battle,  its  guide  directing  himselfon  the  left  file  of  fh'sfc 
platoon.  Tlie  guidfe  having  arrived  at  the  distance  of 
three  paces,  from  the  line  of  buttle,  tiiis  platoon  v/ill  be 
halte<i,  as  prescribed  for.the  first ;  at  the  instant  it  halts, 
its  guide  will  spring  on  the  line  of  battle,  opposite  to  one 
of  the  three  lelt  files  of  his  platoon,  and  will  he  assured 
in  his  position  by  the  instructor.  The  chief  of  the  second' 
platoon,  seeing  all  its  files  in  lijie',  and  its  guide  estab- 
lished on  the  direction,  will  command;  M^ght-Dress  ;  and 
then  return  to  his  place  as  a  tile  closes,  passing  around 
the  left.  The  second  platoon  having  aligned  itself  on 
the  first,  the  captain  will  cohimand  :  Feoxt. 

The  movement  ended    the  insti'uctor  will  command; 
Guides-POST.S. 

§  300.  At  this,  the  two  guides  will  return  to  their  places 
in  line  of  battle. 

§  301.  A  column  by  platoon,  It- ft  in  front,  will  form  on 
the  left  into  line  of  battle,  according  to  the  same  princi- 
ples, and  by  inverse  means,  applying  to  the  second  platoon 
what  is  prescribed  lor  the  first,  and  reciprocally.  The 
chief  of  the  second  platoon  having  aligned  it  from  the 
left,  will  retire  to  his  place  as'a^file  closer.  The  captain 
having- halted  the  first  ])]atoon  three  paces  behind  the 
line  of  b:ittle,  will  go  to  the  same  point  to  align  this 
platoon,  and  then  command  :  Front.  At  the  command, 
guides-posts,  g'w en  by  the  instructor,  the  captain  will 
shift  to  his  proper  flank  and  the  guides  take  their  places 
in  rhe  line  of  battle. 

Formation  of  a  company  from  two  ranks  into  four,  and 
reciprocally,  at  a  lialt,  and  in  march. 

The  company  being  in  two  ranks,  at  a  halt,  and  sup" 
posed  to  form  part  of  a  column  right  in  front,  the  instruc- 
tor, wishing  to  form  it  into  four  ranks,  will  command  : 
1.  In  four  ranks,  form  company.  2.  Company,  left- 
FACE.  3.  MARCH  (or  double  quick-MAiiCH.) 
§  302.  At  the  second  command,  the  left  guide  will 
remain  faced  to  the  front.  thsGompany  will  face  to  the  left, 


THE    COMPANY.  C3 

and  double  files  as  prescribed,  §  41.  At  the  command 
march,  the  first  file  of  four  men  will  re-face  to  the  front 
without  undoubling.  All  the  other  files  of  four  will  step 
05:',  and  closing  successivel}:  fo  about  five  inches  of  the 
preceding  file,  will  halt,  and  immediately  face.to  the 
front,  the  men  remaining  doubled.  The  file  closers  will 
take  their  places  at  two  paces  in  rear  of  the  fourth  rank. 

The  company  being  in  four  ranks,  if  the  instructor- wish 
to  form  it  into  two  ranks,  he  will  command  : 
1.  In  t'.vo  ranks,  form  compauj-.     2.  Company,  rig-ht- 

FACE.     3.  MAPCH   (or  double  quick    MAKCH.) 

§  303.  At  the  second  command,  the  left  guide  will 
stand  fast,  the  company  will  face  to  the  right.  At  the 
command  vmrch,  the  right  guide  will  step  off  and,m arch 
in  the  prolongation  of  the  front  rank.  The  leading  file 
of  ibur  men  will  step  ofl*  at  tlie  same  time,  the  other 
files  standing  fast ;  the  second  files  will  step  oli  when 
there  shall  be  between  it  and  the  first  space  sufficient  to 
form  into  two  ranks.  The  following  files  will  execute 
successively  what  has  been  prescribed  for  the  second. 
As  soon  as  the  last  file  shall  have  its  distance,  the  in- 
structor will  command :  1.  Company.  2.  Ham.  3.  Front, 
At  the  command  front,  the  company  will  face  to  the 
front,  and  the  files  will  undouble. 

The  company  being  in  two  ranks  and  marching  to  the 
front,  if  the  instructor  wish  to  form  it  into  four  ranks, 
he  will  command : 

1.  In  four  ranks,  form  company.    2.  Ily<he  left  double 
tiles.    3.  MAtlCH  (or  double  quick-MARCIf.) 

§  304.  At  the  command  march,  the  left  guide  and  the 
left  file  of  the  company  will  continue  to  march  straight 
to  the  front:  the  company  will  make  a  half  face  lo  the 
left,  the  odd  numbers  placing  themselves  behind  the  even 
numbers.  The  even  numbers  of  the  rear  rank  will 
shorten  their  step  to  permit  the  oJd  numbers  of  the 
front  rank  lo  get  beUveen  them  and  th.e  even  numbers 
of  that  rank.  Tlic  mes  thus  formed  of  fours,  except  the 
left  file,  will  continue  to  march  obliquely,  lengthening 
their  steps  slightly,  so,  as  to  keep  constantly  abreast  of 
the  guide ;  each  file  Will  close  successive!  v  on  the  file  next 


(il  THE   COMPANY. 

on  its  left,  and  Avhen  at  ,tlje  proper  dlstfince  from  that 
file,  will  lace  to  the  front  by  a  hiilf  face  to  the  right,  and 
take  the  touch  of  elbows  to- the  left. 

Tiie  company  being  in  march  to  the  front  in  four 
ranks,  if  the  instructor  wish  to  form  it  into  two  ranks, 
lie  will  command: 

1.  In'two  ranks,  form  company.  2.  By  the  right,  un- 
clouble  ftles.     3.  MARCH  (or  tloublc  quick-MAUCH). 

§  305.  At  the  command  march,  the  left  guide  and  the 
left  file  ot  the  company  will  continue  to  march  straight 
to  the  front,  the  company  will  make  a  half  face  to  the 
right  and  march  obliquely,  lengthening  the  step  a  little, 
in  order  to  kec|»,  as  near  as  possible,  abreast  of  the  guide. 
As  soon  as  the  secuiid  file  from  the  left  shall  have  gain- 
ed to  the  right  the  interval  necessary  i'ot  the  left  file  to 
forrii  into  j^two  ranks,  the  second  file  will  face  to  the 
front  by  a  half  face  to  the  left  and  march  straight  for- 
ward :  the  left  file  will  immediately  forni  into  two  ranks, 
and  take  the  touch  of  elbows  to  the  left.  Each  file  will 
execute  successively  what  has  just  been  prescribed  for 
the  file  next  to  the  left,  and  each  file  will  form  into  two 
ranks,  when  the  fil«next  on  its  right  has  obliqued  the 
required  distance  and  faced  to  the  fro-.t.  ^."i: 

§  300.  If  the  company  be  supposed  to  make  part  of  a 
column,  left  in  front,  these  different  movements  will  be 
executed  according  to  the  same  princi}dcs  and  by  in- 
verse means,  substituting  the  indication  left  fur  right. 


MANUAL   EOR  RIFLEMEN,  65 


MANUAt  OF  ARMS  FOR  RIFLEMEN, 

Position  of  Shoulder-ARMS. 

The  piece  in  the  right  hand — the  barrel  nearly  vertical 
and  resting  in  the  hollow  of  the  shoulder — the  guard  to 
the  front,  the  arm  hanging  at  nearly  its  iull  length  near 
the  body  ;  the  thumb  and  forefinger  embracing  the  guard, 
the  remaining  fingers  closed  together,  and  grasping  the 
evvell  of  the  stock  just  under  the'cock.  which  rests  qn  thp 
little  finger. 

Present- ARMS.     [Tivo  motions.] 

One.  With  the  right  hand  bring  the  piece  before  the 
centre  of  the  body,  the  rammer  to  the  front;  at  the  same 
time  seize  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  half-way  between 
the  guide  sight  and  lower  band,  the  thumb  extended 
along  the  barrel  and  against  the  stock,  the  forearm  ho^ 
rizontal  a-id  resting  against  the  body,  the  hand  as  high 
as  the  elbow. 

Tivo.  Grasp,  the  small  of  the  stock  with  the  right 
hand  below  and  against  the  guard. 

Shoulder- A R3IS,     [Two  inotivns] 

One.  Bring  the  piece  to  the  right  shoulder,  at  the  sa.me 
time  change  the  po-ition  of  the  right  hand  so  as  to  em- 
brace the  guard  with  the  thumb  and  forefinger,  slip  up 
the  left  hand  to  the  height  of  the  shoulder,  the  fingers 
extended  and  joined,  the  right  arm  nearly  straight. 

7\vo.  Drop  tl^  left  hand  quickly  by  the  side. 
0 Filer- ARMS.     [Two  ?-notums.] 

One.  Seize  the  piece  briskly  with  the  left  hand  near  the 
upper  band,  and  detach  it  slightly  from  the  shoulder 
with  tlie  right  hand  :  loo=^en  the  grasp  of  the  right  hand, 
lower  the  piece  with  the  left,  re  seize  the  pie.^e  with  the 
right  hand  above  the  lower  band,  the  little  finger  in  the 
rear  of  the  l)arrel,  the  butt  about  four  inches  from  tlie 
ground,  the  right  hand  supported  against  the  hip,  drG|i 
the  left  hand  bv  tlie  side, 


66  MANUAL   FOR   RIFLEMEN. 

Two.  Let  the  piece  slip  through  the  right  hand  to  the 
ground  by  opening  slightly  the  fingers,  and  take  the 
Position  of  Order  Arms, 

The  hand  low,  the  barrel  between  the  thumb  and  fore- 
finger extended  along  tlie  stock  ;  tlie  other  fingers  ex- 
tended and  joined;  the  muzzle  about  two  inches  from 
the  right  shoulder  ;  tlie  rammer  in  front;  the  toe  (qr 
beak)  of  the  butt,  against,  and  in  a  line  with  the  toe  of 
the  right  foot,  tlie  barrel  perpendicular. 

Shoulder- ARMS,     iTwo  motlom.'] 

One.  Haisc  the  piece  vertically  with  the  right  hand  to 
the  height  of  the  right  breast,  and  opposite  the  shoulder, 
t^he  elbow  close  to  the  body  ;  seize  the  piece  with  the  left 
hand  below  the  right,  and  drop  quickly  the  right  han4 
to  grasp  the  piece  at  the  swell  of  the  stock,  the  thumb 
and  forefinger  embracing  the  guard;  press  the  piece 
against  the  shoulder  with  the  left  hand  and  below  the 
right  arm  nearly  straight. 

Two.  Drop  the  left, hand  quickly  by  the  side. 

Support-ARMS.  [Tlvrce- motions.'] 
One.  Ih'ing  tlic  pltce,  with  the  right  hand,  perpendicu- 
larly to  the  front  and  between  the  eyes,  the  barrel  to  the 
rear;  seize  the  piece  with  tne  left  nand.  at  the  lower 
band,  raise  this  as  high  as  the  chin,  and  seize  the  piece 
at  the  same  tirne  with  the  right  liaiid  (our  inches  below 
the  cock.     ^ 

Two.  Turn  tlie  piece  with  the  right  hand,  the  barrel  to 
the  front:  carry  the  piece  to  the  left  shoulder,  and  pass 
the  forearm  extended  on  the  breast  between  the  right 
'lifind  and  the  cock  ;  support  the  cOck  ag^nst  the  left 
forearm,  the  loft  hand  resting  ori  the  right  breast. 
Three.  Drop  the  right  hand  by  the  side. 

Shoulder  (or  Carry)- ARMS.  [Three  motions.'] 
One.  Grasp  the  piece  with  the  right  liand  under  and 
against  the  forearm  ;  seize  it  with  the  left  hand  at  the 
lower  band,  the  thumb  extended:  detach  the  piece 
slightly  from  the  shoulder,  the  left- forearm  along  the 
stock.  '■' -  ■ 

Two.  Carry  the  piece  vertically  to  the  right  shoulder 
;vith  both  hands,  the  rammer  to  the  front,  change  the  posi- 


MANUAL  FOR    RIFLEMEN.  '  67 

tion  of  the  riglit  hand  so  as  to  embrace  the  guard  with  the 
thumb  and  forefinger,  slip  the  left  hand  to  the  height  of  the 
shoulder,  the  fingers  extended  and  joined,  the  right  arm 
nearly  straight. 

Three.  Drop  the  left  hand  quickly  by  the  side. 

Fix-BAYONET.     [Three  fnotions.] 

One.  Grasp  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  at  the  height  of 
the  shoulder,  and  detach  it  slightly  from  the  shoulder  with 
the  right  hand. 

Tivo.  Quit  the  piece  with  the  right  hand,  loAver  it  with 
tbe  left  hand,  opposite  the  middle  of  the  body,  and  place 
the  butt  between  tlie  feet  without  shock,  the  rammer  to  the 
rear,  the  barrel  vertical,  the  muzzle  three  inches  from  the- 
body ;  seize  it  with  the.  right  hand  at  the  upper  band,  and 
carry  the  left  hand  reversed  to  the  haridle  of  the  sabre-^ 
bayonet. 

Th'ixe.  Draw  the  sabre-bayonet  from  the  scabbard  and 
fix  it  on  the  extremity  of  the  barrel ;  seize  the  piece  with  the 
left  hand,  the  arm  extended,  the  right  hand  at  the  upper 
band. 

Shoulder- AR M.^,     [  Iwo  raotions.'] 

One.  Raise  the  'piece  with  the  left  hand  and  place  it 
against  the  right  shoulder,  the  rammer  to  the  front;  seize 
piece  at  the  same  time  with  the  right  hand,  at  the  swell  of 
rlie  stock,  the  thumb  and  forefinger  embracing  the  guard, 
J  lie  right  arm  nearly  extended, 

Two.  Drop  briskly  the  left  hand  by  the  side. 

ChargcBAYONET.     [Two  motions.] 

One.  Eaise  the  piece  slightly  with  the  right  hand  and 
vnake  a  half  face  to  the  right  on  the  left  heel ;  place  the 
lidllow  of  the  right  foot  opposite  to,  and  three  inches  from 
I  lie  left  heel,  the  leet  square ;  seize  the  piece  at  the  same 
time  with  the  left  hand  a  little  above  the  lower  band. 

Two.  Bi-ing  down  the  piece,  with  both  hands,  the  barrel 
U]3permost,  the  left  elbow  against  the  body ;  seize  the  small 
of  the  stock,  at  the  same  time,  with  the  right  hand,  which 
will  be  supported  against  the  hip ;  the  point  of  the  r-.p.bi'q^ 
b-iyonet  as  high  as  the  eye. 


68  MANUAL   FOR   RIFLEMEN. 

Shoulder- ARMS.  [Tivo  motloms.'] 
One.  Throw  up  the  piece  briskly  with  the  left  hand 
in  fa.cingto  the  front,  place  it  against  tlie  right  shoulder, 
the  rammer  to  tljc  I'ront  ;  turntlie  riglit  hand  so  as  to 
embrace  the  guard,  slide  the  left  liand  to  the  height  of 
the  shoulder,  the  right  hand  nearly  extended. 
I'uoo.     Drop  the  left  hand  smartly  by  the  side. 

Trail- ARMS.    [Two  motioms.\ 

One.  The  same  as  the  first  motion  oi  order  arms. 

Two.  Incline  the  muzzle  slightly  to  the  front,  the 
butt  to  the,  rear  and  about  four  inches  from  the  ground. 
The  right  hand,  supported  at  the  hip,  ^vill  so  hold  the 
piece  that  the  rear  rank  men  may  not  touch  with  thei^' 
bayonets  the  men  in  the  front  rank. 
Skoulder-ARIWS. 

At  the  ccnimand  ^liouhhr,  raise  tlhc  piece  perpendixi- 
ularly  in  the  right  hand,  the  little  finger  in  rear  of  the 
barrel.  At  the  command  ((mm,  execute  the  two  motions 
prescribed  for  the  sAt^?<7f/<.^?',  froui  the  position  of  ordt?^ 
armif. 

Unfix-BAYOK'KT,  [T/ir(e  motions.] 

One.'    The  ?ame  as  the  first  motion  ofjir-urf/onet. 

Tiro.  The  same  as  the  second  motion  o^fi.c^hayonet, 
(except  that  the  thumb  of  the  right  liand  wj'l]  be  placed 
on  the  spring  of  tiie  sabre-bayonet,  and  the  left  liand 
will  embi-ace  the  handle  of  the  sabre-bayonet  and  the 
barrel,  the  thumb  extended  along  tlje    blade,. 

Three.  Press  the  thumb  of  the  right  hand  on  the 
Pjrlng,  wrest  oif  the  sabre-bayonet,  turn  it  to  the  right, 
.the  edge  to  the  tront,  lower  the  guard  until  it  touches 
the  right  hand,  which  will  seize  the  back  and  the  edge' 
of  the  blade  between  the  thumb  and  first  two  finger^', 
the  other  lingers  holding  the  piece:  change  the  position 
of  the  hand  without  quitting  the  handle,  return  the  sabre- 
bayon:'t  to  the  scabbard,  and  seize  the  piece  with  the 
left  hand,  the  arm  extended. 

Shoulder- ARMS.   [ Tm  motlovis.  ] 
■On'\  The  same  as  the  first  motion  from /.r-&a7/o,ne«. 
Two.  The  same    as    the    second     motion    from  fiiw 
J/aj/onei; 


Ak.^P 


MANUAL    FOR   RIPLEMEX.  69 

Secure- A  RMS.     [Three  motio?is,\ 

One.  The  same  as  the  firyt  motion  of  svppcrt  arms,  ex- 
cept, with  the  right  hand  seize  the  piece  at  the  small  of  the 
stock. 

Two.  Turn  the  piece  -svitli  both  hands,  tlie  barrel  to  the 
front ;  bring  it  opposite  the  left  shoulder,  the  butt  against 
the  hip,  the  left  hand  at  the  lower  band,  the  thumb  as  high 
as  the  chin  and  extended  on  the  rammer ;  the  piece  erect 
and  detached  from  the  shoulder,  the  left  forearm  against 
the  piece. 

Three,  Reverse  the  piece,  pass  it  under  the  j^ft  arm,  tlie 
left  hand  remaining  at  tlie  lower  band,  the  thumb  on  the 
rammer  to  prevent  it  from  sliding  out,  the  little  finger  rest- 
ing against  the  hip,  the  right  hand  lalhng  at  the  same 
time  l)y  the  side. 

Shoulder-ARMS.     [Three  7)7oiion-s.]  ... 

One.  Raise  the  piece  with  the  left  hand,  and  seize  it 
witli  the  right  liand  at  the  small  of  the  stock.  The  piece 
erect  and  detached  from  the  shoulder,  the  butt  against  the 
hip,  left  forearm  along  the  piece. 

Tiro.  The  same  as  the  second  motion  o[  slionlJer  arvis 
from  a  support. 

Three.  The  same  as  the  third  motion  of  shoulder  arms 
from  a  support. 

Right  JiihouJder,  Shift-AR>1S.     [Two  uw'A 'ns.] 

One.  Detaclithe  piece  perpendicularly  from  the  shoul- 
der with  the  right  hand,  and  sieze  it  with  the  left  between 
the  lower  band  and  the  guide  sight,,  raise  the  piece,  the  left 
hand  at  the  height  of  the  shoulder  and  four  inches  from  it ; 
place  at  the  same  time,  the  right  hand  on  the  butt,  the 
brace  between  the  first  two  fingers,  the  other  two  lingers 
under  the  butt  plate. 

T'lDO.  Quit  the  piece  Avith  tbo  left  hand,  raise  and  place 
the  piece  on  the  right  shoulder  Avith  the  right  hand,  the 
lock  plate  upwards;  letlall,  at  the  same  time,  the  left  hand 
by  the  side.  - 

J?lioiilder-AR3IS.     [Two  motions.] 

One.  Raise  the  piece  perpendicularly  by  extending  the 
right  aiTn  to  its  full  lei">gth,  the  rammer  to  tlie  front,  at  tho-. 


70  MANUAL   FOR    RlFLli^MEN. 

same  time,  seize  the  piece  Tcith  tlie  left   band   between  the 
lower  band  and  guide  sight. 

TiDo.  Quit  the.  butt  witii  the  right  ha'.ld,  which  will,  im- 
mediately embrace  the  guard,  lower  the  piece  to  the  position 
oi' shoulder  arms,  slide  up  the  left  hand  to  the  height  of  the 
sluudder,  the-lingers  extended  and  closed.  Drop  the  left 
hand  by  the  side.  ' 

Arms  at  Will.     {One  moiia/i.] 
Carry  the  piece  at  pleasure  0:1  either  shoulder,  with  one  or 
both  hands,  the  nuizzle  elevated. 

Shoulder- ARx^S.    [One  'notlo/t.] 
Ketake  quickly  the  position  of  shoulder  arms. 
Ground-Arms.     {From  tlie  position  of  order  arms.)     [2wo 
motions.'] 
One.  As  pl-escribed  §  121. 
Tlco.  As  prescribed  §  122.      • 

Raise-ARMS.     [Two  motions.] 
One.  As  prescribed  §  123. 
Two.  As  prescribed  §  124. 

IliOad  in  nine  times. 
1.  IjOAD.*  [One  motion,.] 
Grasp  the  piece  with  thq  left  hand  as  high  as  the  right  el- 
bow, and  bring  it  verticilfy  opposite  the  middle  of  the  body, 
shift  the  right  hand  to  the  upper  band,  place  the  butt  be- 
tween the  feet,  the  barrel  to  the  front  ;  seize  it  with  the  left, 
hand  near  the  muzzle,  which  should  bo  three  inches  from  the 
body  ;  carry  the  riglit  hand  to  the  cartridge  box. '    . 

2.  Ilaudle-CA*^'I'KI1><^'E»     [One  motion.] 
Seize  the  cartridge  with  the  thumb  and  next  two  fingers, 
and  place  it  between  the  teeth. 

3.  Tear-C AilTKlDGE.    [One  motion.] 
Tear  the  paper  to  the  powder,  hold  the  cartridge  upright 
between  the  thumb  and  first  two  fmgers,   near  the   top  ;  in 
this  position  place  it  in  front  of  and  near   the  muzzle — the 
back  of  the  hand  to  the  front. 


*  Whenever  the  loadiugs  aud  firings  are  to  be  executed,  tbo 
instruelor  will  cause  the  cartridge  boxes  to  bo  brought  to  the 
front. 


MANUAL    FOR    lUFLE^lEK.  71 

-4.  Charge^CARTRIDGI-:.  [One  ■inoiiou.] 
Empty  tlie  powder  into  the  barrel:  disengage  the  ball  from 
the  paper  with  the  right  hand  and  the  tliumb  and  first  two 
lingers  of  the  left;  insert  it  into  the  bor(y;:fljc  pointed  end  up- 
permost, and  pret^s  it  down  with  the  right  thiind)  ;  seize  the 
head  of  the  rammer  witli  the  tlmmb  and  forefinger  of-  the 
i<dit  hand,  the  otlier  h'ngers.  closed,  the  elbows  near  the  body, 
r  ^  •. 

r».  Draw-RAM7fJER.     [Tnree  motions.'] 

One.  Half  draw  the  rammer  by  extending  the  right  arm  ; 
steady  it  in  this  position  with  the  left  thumb;  grasp  the  ram- 
mer near  the  muzzle  with  the  right  hand,  tlie  little  finger  up- 
permost, the  nails  to  the  fron+,  the  thumb  extended  along  the 
rammer. 

Tioo.  Clear  the  rammer  from  the  pipes  by  again  extending 
the  arm  ;  the  ramnier  in  the  prolongation  of  the  pipes. 

Three,  Turn  the  rammer,  the  little  end  of  the  rannner 
passing  near  the  left  shouUler  ;  place  the  head  of  the  i-annner 
on  the  ball,  the  back  of  the  liand  to  the  front. 

6.  Ram-CARTRIDGE.    {One  motion,.] 

Insert  the  rammer  as  far  as  the  right,  and  steady  it  in  this 

position  with  the  thumb  of  tlie   left  hand  ;  seize  the  rammer 

at  the  small  end  with  the  tlnnnb  and  forefinger  of  the  right 

hand,  the  back  of  the  hand  to  the  front  ;  pre.-.^  the  ball  home, 

•  the  elbows  near  the  body, 

7.  Relurn-RAMMER.    [Three  motions.] 

One.  Draw  the  rammer  half  way  out,  and  steady  it  in 
this  position  with  the  left  thumb:  grasp  it  near  the  muzzle 
with  the  right  hand,  the  little  fingers  uppermost,  the  nails 
to  the  front,  the  thumb  along  the  rammer;  clear  the  ram- 
mer from  the  bore  by  extending  the  arms,  the  nails  to  the 
front,  the  rammer  in  the  prolongation  of  the  bore. 
•  Two.  Turn  the  rammer,  its  l\ead  passing  near  the  left 
shoulder,  and  insert  it  in  the  pipes  until  the  right  hand 
reaches  the  muzzle,  the  nails  to  the  front. 

Tdree.  Force  the  rammer  home  b}'  placing  the  little 
finger  of  the  right  hand  on  the  head  of  the  rammer;  pass 
the  left  hand  down  the  barrel  to  the  extent  of  the  arm,  with- 
out depressing  the  shoulder. 


>y  MA  NLA  L    KOH    KIFhEMEX. 

*8  PRIME.  {Two  motluiis,) 
One.  With  tliG  Tc ft  hand  raise  the  pidce  till  the  hand  is 
ns  hio-h  as  the  eye,  grasp  the  small  of  the  stock  with  the 
right  hand;  half  face  to  the  right;  place,  at  the  same  time, 
the  right  foot  behind  ami  atriglif^iiigles  with  the  left;  the 
hollow  of  the  rigkt  foot  against  the  left  heel.  Slip  the  left 
hand  down  to  the  lower  hand,  the  tlunnb  along  the  stock, 
the  loft  elbow  against  the  body;  bring  the  piece  to  the 
right  side,  the  butt  below  the -right  forearm-^the  small  of 
the  stock  against  the  body  and  two  inches  below  the  right 
breast,  the  barrel  upwards  the  muzzle  on  a  level  with  tiie 
eye. 

Two.  Hair  cock  with  the  thumb  of  the  right  hand  the 
fingers  supported  against  "the  guard  and  the  small  of  the 
stock — remove  the  old  cap  with  one  of  the  fingers  of  the 
right  hand,  and  with  the  thumb  and  forefinger  of  the  same 
hand  take  a  cap  from  the  po;u;h,  place  it  on  the  nip[)le,  and 
press- it  down  \\ith  the  thuml);  seize  the  small  of  the  stock 
with  the  right  hand. 

9.   Shoulder-xVRMS. 

One.  Bring  the  piece  to  the  right  shoulder  and   support 

it  there  with  the  left  hand,  face  to  the  front;  bring  the  right 

heel  to  the  side  of  and  on  a  line  with    the    left;    grasp   the 

_  piece  with  the  right   hand  as  indicated  in  the  positio.i  of 

shoulder  arms. 

Two.  Drop  the  left  hand  quickly  by  the  side. 
R  F.  ADV.     [  Tk  ree  mot  ions .  ] 

One.  riaise  the  piece  slightly  with  the  right  hand,  mak- 
ing a  half  face  to  the  right  on  the  left  heel;  carry  the  right 
foot  to  the  rear,  and  place  it  at  right  angles  to  the  left,,  the 
hollow  of  it  opposite  to,  and  against  the  left  heel;  grasp  the. 
piece  with  the  left  hand  at  the  lower  band  and  detach  it 
slightly  from  the  shoulder. 

-Two.    Bring    down    the    piece   with    both   hands,    the 

barrel  upwards,  the  left  thumb  extended  along  the  stock, 

, — 

*  Ifihe  7>/7wr-/' be  used,  the  command  will  be  load  in  eight 
times,  and  the  ciglit  commiind  will  be,  shruliJer  arms,  and  execu- 
ted from  re'urn  ramvur,  iu  two  motions,  as  follows: 

One.  Raise  the  piece  with  tl  e  left  hand  and  tnke  the  position 
of  shoulder  arms. 

T^o.  Drop  the  left  baud  quic  kly  by  the  side. 


Manual  for  riflemen.  73 

the  blitt  below  the  right  fnrenrm,  the  smill  of  the  stock 
ag.iin-t  the  bo(W  and  two  inches  below  the  right  breast, 
the  mazzle  ;is  high  as  the  c^'o,  the  left  el!>ow  against  the 
side ;  place  at  ihe  soidc  time  the  right  thumb  on  the  head 
of  the  cock,  the  other  lingers  under  and  against  the  guard. 
Three.  Cock  and  seize  the  piece  at  the  smxU  of  the 
stock  without  de.anging  the  position  of  the  butt. 

AIM*     {One  motion.^ 

R'lise  the  piece  with  both  binds,  and  support  the  butt 
against  the  right  shoulder;  the  left  elbow  down,  the  right 
nearly  as  high  as  the  shoulder;  incline  the  head  upon  the  • 
butt  so  that  the  right  eye  may  perceive  quirkly  the  object 
aimed  at;  the  left  eye  closed,  the  right  thumb  extended 
along    he  stock,  the  forefinger  on  the  triggci'. 

The  rear  rank  mrm.  in  aiming,  will  each  carry  the  right 
foot  ahout  eight  inches  to  the  right,  and  towards  the  left 
hejl  of  the  min  next  on  the  right,  inclining  the  upper  part 
of  the  body  forwnrd, 

FIRE.     [One  moflon.'] 

Press  the  forefinger  against  the  trigger,  fire,  without 
lowe:ing  or  turning  the  iiead,  and  remain  in  tills  position. 

LOAD.     From,  the  fire. '■'     [One  motion ,] 

Bring  down  the  piece  witft*both  hands,  at  the  same  time 
face  to  the  f.  ont  and  t  ike  the  position  of  load.  Each   roar 
rank  man  will  bring  his  right  foot  by  the  side  of  the  left. 
ShoilMer-AR.^IS.     From  the  fire.     [One  motion.] 

Throw  up  the  piece  briskly  with  the  left  hand  and  re- 
sume the  position  o{  shoulder  arms,  at  the  same  time  face 
to  the  front,  turning  on  the  left  heel,,  and  bring  the  right 
heel  on  a  line  with  the  left. 


*  From  this  position,  the  instructor  may  cause  the  loading 
to  be  continued,  as  already  prescribed.  If  he  wish  the  men  to 
load  without  resting  on  the  time?,  he  will  command.  1.  Load 
at  w  U.  2.  LoAl>:  when  each  man  will  load  promptly,  observ- 
ing every  motion,,  but  without  resting,  and  without  waiting  lor 
his  neiffhbors. 


74  MANUAL   FOR   EIFLEMEy, 

Recover- ARMS.    From  the  aim.    [One  motion.] 

At  the  word  recover,  withd -aw  the  finger  from  the 
triggjer;  at  the  coniiiiand  arms^  retake  the  position  of 
ready.  .^ 

ShoLl  Jer- ARMS     From  the  re^ij.    [ One  motion.] 

At  the  word  shoulder,  ])lace  tliethwmh  npon  the  cock' 
the  I'orcfiiijier  on  the  ti  ifr?:8r,  half  cock,  and  seize  the  sina0 
of  the  stock  with  tlic  right  liand.  At  the  command  armsr 
bring  up  the  piece  briskly  to  the  right  shoulder,  and  re- 
take the  position  of  shoulder  arms. 
^  Inspect'©  i-ARMS.     From  onhr  arms.-   [Ttco  motions.] 

One.  Seize  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  below  and  near 
the  upper  band,  carry  ^it  with  both  hands  opposite  the 
middle  of  the  bod}^  the  bntt  between  the  feet,  ihe  ram- 
mer to  the  rear,  the  barrel  vertical,  the  muzzle  about  three 
inches  from  the  body;  carry  the  left  hand  reversed  to  the 
sabre-bayonet,  draw  it  from  the  scabbard  and  fix  it  on 
the  barrel;  grasp  the  piece  with  the  left  hand  below  and 
near  the  upper  band,  seize  the  rammer  with  the  thumb 
and  forefinger  of  the  right  hand  bent,  the  other  fingers 
closed. 

Two.  Draw  the  rftmmer  as  explained  in  loodhg.^  and 
let  it  glide  to  the  bottom  of  the  bore,  replace  the  piece 
with  the  left  hai  d  opposite  the '-ight  shoulder,  and  retake 
the  pos-i'ti'on  of  order  arms. 

The  instructor  will  then  p^ss  along  the  front  of  the 
rank  and  inspect  the  piece  of  each  man,  all' conform mg  to 
the  principles  prescribed  for  iiuspection  in  the  squad  drill/ 
^  139.  Each  man,  when  the  instructor  shall  have  passed 
him,  will  retake  the  posiiion  prescribed  at  the  command 
inspection  arins,  return  the  rammer,  and  resume  the  posi- 
tion of  order  arms. 

Staek-ARMS. 

At  this  command,  the  fiont  rank  man  of  every  cren 
numbered  file  will  pa'^s  his  piec?  before  him,  seizing  it 
with  the  left  hand  near  the  upper  band  ;  will  place  the 
butt  a  little  in  advance  of  his  left  toe,  the  barrel  turned 
towards  the  body,  and  draw  the  rammer  sh'j.ht]y  f^-om  its 
place:  the    front    rank    man    of   every   odd  ruiuueied 


MANUAL   FOR   TvIFLEMEX.  lo 

file  will  also  iraw  tlie  rammer,  sliglitly,  and  pass  his  piece 
to  the  man  next  on  bis  left,  who  will  seize  it  with  the 
right  hand  near  the  npper  band,  and  place  thebutt  a  little 
in  advance  of  the  right  toe  of  the  man  next  on  his  right, 
the  barrel  turned  to  the  front:  he  Avill  th^n  cross  the  ram- 
in-er  of  the  two  })icce3,  the  rammer  of  the  piece  of  ihe  odd 
number  man  being  inside:  the  rear  rank  man  of  every 
even  file  will  also  draw  his  rammer,  lean  his  piece  forward 
th-e  lock  plate  downwards,  advance  the  right  foot  about 
six  inches,  and  insert  tfee  rammer  between  the  rammer 
and  barrel  of  the  piece  of  his  fi-ont  rank  man;  with  his  left 
hand  he  will  place  the  butt  of  his  piece  on  tl.ie  ground, 
thirty-two  inches  ia  rear  of,  and  perpendicular  to,  the  front 
rank,  bringing  back  his  right  foot  by  the  side  of  the  left; 
the  front  rank  man  of  eve^y  even  file  will  at  the  same  time 
lean  the  stack  to  the  rear,  quit  it  wltk  his  right  hand,  and 
force  all  the  rammers  down.  Tfee  stack  being  thus  form- 
ed, the  rear  rank  man  or  every  odd  file  will  pass  his  piece 
into  his  left  hand,  the  barrel  to  the  front,  and  inclining  it 
forward,  will  rest  it  on  the  stack. 

Takc-ARI^IS. 
At  this  command  the  rear  rank  man  of  every  odd, num- 
bered file  will  Avithdraw  his  piece  from  the  stack;  the  front 
rank  man  of  every  even  file  will  seize  his  ov.m  piece  with 
the  left  hand  and  that  of  the  man  on  his  right  with  his 
right  hand,  both  above  the  lower  band:  the  rear  rank  man 
of  the  even  file  will  -seize  his  piece  with  the  right  hand 
below  the  lower  band;  these  two  men  will  raise  up  the 
stack  to  loosen  the  rammers;  the  front  rank  man  of  every 
odd  file  will  ficilitate  the  disengagement  of  the  rammers, 
if  necessary,  Viy  drawing  tbem  out  slightly  with  the  left 
liand,  and  will  receive  his  piece  from  the  hand  of  the  man 
next  on  his  left:  the  fiur  men  will  retake  the  position  of 
the  soldier  at  order  arms. 


76  INSPECTION 


BEGUIATIONS  AS  TO  INSPECTION, 
PARADES,  ETC. 


FORM  OF  INSPECTION. 

TLo  inspection  of  troops,  not  less  than  a  company,  will 
generally  be  preceded  by  a  review.  The  present  example 
embraces  a  battalion. 

The  inspecting  oflicer  and  the  field  and  f^taff  officers  will 
be  on  foot.  Tlie  battalion  being  in  the  order  of  battle, 
the  colonel  will  cause  it  to  break  into  open  column  of  com- 
panies, right  in  front.  He  will  ne-\t  order  the  ranlxs  to 
be  opened;  when  the  color-rank  and  color-guard,  \  nder 
the  direction  of  the  adjutant,  will  take  post  ten  paces  in 
front,  and  the  band  ten  paces  in  rear  of  the  cohuiin.  The 
colonel  seeing  the  ranks  aligned,  will  then  command: 
1.  Officers  aiid  Sevjrr  ants  to  the  font  o(  your  Compa- 
nies.   2.  MARCH. 

TJiC  officers  will  form  themselves  in  one  rank,  eight 
paces,  and  the  non-commissioned  offiicers  in  cnie  rai:]', 
six  paces  in  advance,  along  the  whole  Ironts  of  their  re- 
spective companies,  iVom  right  to  left  in  the  order  of  se- 
niority ;  the  pioneers  and  music  of  each  company,  in  one 
T&v.V.  two  paces  behind  the  non-compiissioped  cfiicers. 
The  colonel  will  then  command: 

1    Field  and  Staff,  to  the  front.     2.  MARCH. 

The  comrais  ijned  otB,cers  thus  dcsigiiat;  d,  ^\il'  foim 
themselves  in  one  rank, on  aline  equal  to  the  front  6\'\he  col- 
umn, six  paces  in  front  of  the  colors, from  right  to  lelt  in  the 


VfBVZOno^,  77 


« 


order  0/  aenior'it}^  :  and  the  non-commiasioned  staff,  in. a 
similar  manner,  two  paces  in  rear  of  the  preceding ran"lc.' 
The  eolnnel.  cpeinf^  the  movenierit  exeonted.  will  take 
post  on  the  right  of  the  lieutefiant  colonel,  and  wait  the 
approach  of  the  inspecting  officer.  But  such  of  the 
field  officers  as  may  he  superior  in  rank  to  the  inspector, 
will  not  take  post  in  front  of  the  battalion. 

The  inspector  will  commence  in  front.  After  inspecting 
the  dress  and  general  appearance  of  tlie  field  and  commis- 
sioned stafl'  under  arms,  the  inspector,  accompanied  by  these 
officers,  will  pass  down  the  open  column,  looking  at  every 
rank  in  front  and  rear. 

The  colonel  will  now  command.  1.  0 nler- A-RJ,is.  2, 
■Rest  ;  when  the  inspector  will  proceed  to  make  a  minute 
inspection  of  the  several  ranks  or  divisions,  commencing  in 
front. 

As  the  inspector  approaches  the  non-commissioned   staff, 
<?olor-rank,  the  color-guard  and  the  band,  the  adjutant   will 
give  the  necessary  orders  for  the  inspection  of  arms,   boxes, 
and  kna^3sacks.     The  colors  will   l>e   planted   firm   in   the 
ground,  to  enable  the  color-bearers  to  display  the   contents 
of  their  knapsacks.     The  non-commissioned   staff  may   be 
dismissed  as  soon  as  inspected,  but  the  color-rank  and  color- 
guard  will  remain  until  the  colors  are  to  be   escorted  to  the 
place  from  which  they  were  taken.     As  the  inspector   suc- 
cessively approaches  ihe  CQmpan>€s,  the  captains  will   com- 
mand : 
1.  Attentioiio    2    Company,     3.  TiisDCctioii-ARMS. 
The  inspecting  officer  will    thtn  go  throigh   the   whole 
company,  and  minutely  inspect  he  arms,  a  coutrements  and 
dress  of  each  soldier.     After  this  is   done  the   captain   will 
command-;    Open-BoxES  ;  when  the  amm mition  and  boxes 
>vill  be  examined.     He  will  then  •  omma.i.l  : 
fi.    Shoulder-ARMS.     2.    Close-Opficr.     3.    MARCH. 
4.  Order- ARMS.     5.  Stack-ARMS.     6.  Totaiercar, 
open  order.    T.MARCH.    8.  Front  rank,  ABOUT- 
FACE.    9.    Uusliug-Knapsacks.    lO.    Opeiv-KnajH. 
•aacks. 

The  sergeants  wnll  face  mward  at  it.he  2nd  command,  and 
.liose  upon  the  centre  id  the  3rd,  and  at  the   5th  command 


78  TNSPKCTION. 

stnck  their  arms  ;  at  the  6th  the}'  ^viU  fiice  outward,  and  at 
the  7th  resume  tlieir  poaition,  \Vheii  the  ranks  are  closed, 
preparatory  to  talce-avmy,  the  sergeants  will  also  close  upon 
the  centre,  and  at  the  word,  take  their  arms  and  resume 
their  position. 

The  knap«auks  will  be  placed  at  tho  feet  of  the  men,  the 
flaps  from  them,  with  the  great  coats  on  the  flaps,  and  knapr 
sacks  leaning  on  the  great  coats,  In  this  position  the  in- 
spector will  c:\amine  their  contents,  or  so  many  of  them  as  he 
may  think  necessary,  commencing  with  the  non-commissionr 
ed  officers,  the  men  standing  at  attention,  When  the  in- 
spector has  passts.!  through  the  company,  the  captain  will 
command  :  jR/pack-Iint/psarlcs,  when  each  soldier  will  re- 
pack and  buckle  up  his  knapsack,  leaving  it  on  the  ground, 
the  number  U])wards  turned  from  him.  and  then  stand  at 
vest.  The  captain  will  then  cominand  : 
%.  Attention.    2.  Compj^nj.    ^.  Sliag-Kwapsacks.    4. 

Front  rank,    AIJPIJT^FACE.     5.  Close-Order.    G* 

?viARCH.     T.  Take- ARMS,    8.  Shouldcr-'V  KMs'.  C. 

\>flicers  and  Sergeants  to  your  posts.     lO.  MAFCIJ. 

At  the  word  sling  of  the  Crd  command,  each  soldier  will 
take  his  knapsack,  holding  it  by  the  inner  straps,  and 
stand  erect  ;  at  the  last  word,  he  will  replace  it  on  his  back. 
At  the  loth  command,  the  company  will  tile  off  to  their 
tents  or  quarters,  except  tlie  company  that  is  to  re-escort  tho 
colors,  which  will  await  the  further  orders  of  the  colonel,. 


DRESS    PARADE.  79 


rOKMS  OF  PARADE. 

•  The  examples  hero-  given'  eilibrace  a.  battalion  of  in- 
fantr3^  A  single  company  vvill  parade  as  if  ic  Y.'erc  v,ith 
the  battalion. 

I.  DISESS  PAKABE. 
At  tlie  lioui"  appoin-ted,  on  the -signal  of  the -adjutant,, 
the  captains  will  march  their  companies  to  the  ])arade-. 
ground,  where  tlicy  take  their  positions ,  in  Ihe  order  of 
battle.  WiicQ  the  line  is  formed  the  captain  of  the 
first  company,  on  notice  from  the  adjutant,  steps  one  r>ace 
to  4;hc  front  and  gives  to  his  company  the  command  : 
Order-AR^^LS  ;  Pa/ Wd-lvEST,  i  uhich  is  repeated  by  each 
captain  in  succession  'to  the  loft,  The  adjutant  tak-cs  post 
two  paces  on  the  right  of  the  line  ;  the  icrgeant-major  two 
paces  on  the  left.  The  ra-usic  will  bo  filmed  in  two  ranks  on 
the  right  of  the  adjutant.  The  senior' officer  present  will 
take  the  comniand  of  the  parade,  and  will  take  post  at  a 
suitable  distance  in  front,  'Opposite  the  centre  faci'ij^  the 
line.-- 

-  When  the  companies  have  ordered  *  arms,  tjic  adjutant 
will  order  the  music  to  beat  r)f}\  Avhen  it-  v»-ill-  commence  on 
the  right,  boat  in.  front  of  .the  line  to  the  left,  and  back  to 
its  place  on  .the  right,  The  adjutant  will  then  step  two 
paces  to  the  front,  face  to  tlie  left,  and  cctfnmand  : 

1.  Attention.  2.  Batiaiiou  "^  Sho«I(!cr-ARI^I8.  4. 
Prepare  to  op.cii  ranks.  5.  To  the  rear  open  ovd'cr. 
G.  MARCH.  "'-^ 

At  the'sixth  command,  the  ranks  will  lie  opened,  the 
oommissioned  officers  (field  and  staff  dismounting)  will 
march  to  the  fronts  field  officers  six  paces,  the  company 
oflicers  four  paces,  opposite  to  tKeir  positiou  in  fine  of  battle, 
halt  and  dress.  The  adjutant  #eirig  the  ranks  aligned  will 
co.umand  :  Front,  and  march  along  the  front  to  the  center, 
la."3  te  the  right,  and  pass  the  line  of  company  ofiicers, 
eight  or  ten  paces,  face  to  the  right  about  and  command; 
Present- A  R3iS, 


.See.in<r  this  cxeonicil,  he  uiil  fice  about  to  the  conj- 
nrmtlhor  ol!i,-er.  Rihitc  an.'l  report,  ''Sir,  the  parade  is 
fnr,n-',iy  The  mljutant  will  then,  on  intimation  to  that 
effect  tnke  his  'Station  three  pace>  on  the  left  of  the 
oonrnnnding  of!icer,  one  pace  retired,  passing  around 
his  rear. 

The  commanding  olTic^er,  liaving  acknowledged  the 
salute  of  the  line  by  touching  hi?*  hat,  will  after  the  ad- 
jumt  has  taken  hia  [lost,  draw  his  sword  and  command 

1.  Batlalion.     2.  isJlioulder- ARMS, 
and  add  such  exercises  as  he  may  think  proper,  conclud- 
ing with  ^/v/<3?'-xVrms.     He  willthen  return   his  sword, 
anrl  direct  the  adjutant  to  receive  the  reports. 

The  adjutant  will  now  pass  around  the  right  of  the 
commanding  officer,  advance  upon  the  line,  halt  midway 
bet.vcen  him  and  the  line  of  company  officers,  andcom- 
n)i:ind : 

1.  First  Sergejiuts  to  the  firoiit  and  peiitre, 
2    MARCH. 

At  the  first  command,  the  li-st  sergeants  will  shouller 
«?'/?! .<;.  march  two  paces  to  the  front,  and  face  inward. 
At  the  second  com  uand,  they  will  march  to  the  centre^ 
and'halt.    The  adjutant  will  then  order: 

I.  Frout-FACE.    2.  Report. 

At  the  Inst  word,  each  in  succession,  beginning  on 
the  right,  will  salute  by  bringing  the  left  hand  smartly 
across  the  breast  to  the  right  shoulder,  and  report  the 
result  of  the  roll  call  previously  made  on  the  company 
parade.  The  adjutant  then  comands: 
1,  First  Sergeants,  outward-Face.    2.  To  your  posts- 

MARCH, 
wlien  they  will  resume  their  places  and  order  arms. 
The  adjutant  will  then  face  to  the  commanding  oflicer, 
salute,  rei)ort  absent  officers,  and  give  the  result  of  the 
first  sergeants'  reports.  The  commanding  oflicer  will 
tlien  direct  the  orders  to  be  read,  when  the  adjutant  will 
face  about  and  announce  : 

Atteniion  to  Orders. 

Having  read  the  orders,  the  adjutant  will  face  to  the 
pQiuniajniiug  officer,  salute  and  report ;  \Yhen,  on  an  ir^tic 


DKESS   PARADE.  81 

mation  from  the  commander,  he  will  face  again  to  the  Une 
and  announce: 

Prtrside  is  dismissed. 

All  the  officers  ^Yill  now  return  their  swords,  face  inward, 
and  close  on  the  adjutant,  he  having  taken  position  in  their 
line,  the  field  officers  on  the  Hanks.  The  adjutant  com- 
mands : 

1.  FroJit-I^ACE.  3  Forward-MARCII. 
When  they  will  march  forward,  dressing  on  the  centre,  the 
music  playing,  and  when  within  six  paces  of  the  comniand- 
er,  the  adjutant  will  give  the  command  :  Halt.  The  offi- 
cers will  then  salute  the  commanding  officer  by  raising  the 
hand  to  the  cap,  and  there  remain  until  he  shall  have  coni- 
municated  to  them  such  instructions  as  he  may  have  to  give, 
or  intimates  that  the  ceremony  is  finished.  As  the  officers 
disperse,  the  first  sergeants  will  close  the  ranks  of  their  res- 
pective companies,  and  march  them  off,  the  band"  continu- 
ing to  play  until  the  companies  clear  the  regimental  parade 
ground. 


82  KEVILW. 


II.  REVIEW. 

Preparatory  to  a  review,  the  adjutant  will  cau^e  acamji- 
color  to  be  placed  80  or  100  prices,  or-niore,  in  front  of,  and 
opposite  to,  where  tlie^icentrc  of  the  battaUon- will  rest,  where 
tlie  reviewing  ofhcer  !$■  supposed  to  tak£  his  station  :  and  al--  ■ 
though  he  ma}^  choose  totiuit  that  ]KJ3ition,  still-  the  color; 
is  to  bGrcoDbidered  as  the  poiiil  to  wliiiclilall  tli^' movements 
and  formations  are  relative.  The.adiiitant  will  also  cause 
points  to  be  marked,  at  siiitable  distances,  for  the  wheelings 
of  t^ditisionSjSo^tliat.  their  right  flanks,- in  marching  past, 
slial Fcn I y  be  about  four,  paces  from  the  camp-color,  or  posi- 
tion of  the  reviewing  officer.  "'  , 

The  battalion  being  fornxcd  in  the  order  of  battle  at  shuld- 
cred  arms,  the  colonel  will  command  : 
I.  B'JttaJioij,  preparsfor  review.    2.  To  the  rear,  open 
order.    3.  MARCH. 

At  the  worlT^arc^,  the  field -and  staff  officers  aismount, 
the  (^mpany  officers  and  the  .color-rank  advance  four  paces 
in  i'ront  of  the  front  rank,  and  place  themselves  opposite  to 
their  reaj)ective  places  in  the  order  of  battle  ;  the  color-guard 
replace  the  color-rank  ;  the  staff  officers  place  themselves, 
according  to  rank,  three  pa-ces  on  the  right  of  the  rank  of 
company-  ofticcrs,.  and  one  pace  from  each  other  ;  the  nmsic 
takes  post  as  at  d^ess-^3arade  ;  the  non-commissioned  staff 
take  post  one  pace  from^each  other,  and  three  paces  on  the 
right  of  the  front  rank  oCtlip  battalion.  * 

When  tlie  ranks  are  lligned,  the  colonel  wdll  command  : 
FnONT  ;  and  place  himself  eight  paces, .  and  the  lieuten-_ 
ant  colonel  and  majoJ  will  place'  themselves  two 
pace?,  in  front  of  the  rank  of  i»ompany  oflicers,,  and 
opposite  to  tl'ieir  respective  places  .in  the  order  of  bat-: 
tie,    all  facing  to  the  front. 

When  the  rcvicwinig  officer  presents  himself  before  the 
centre,  and  is  fifty  or 'sixty  paces  distavit,  t^e  colonel  will- 
face  about  and  t;ommand : 

Treseiit-ASSMS.; 
and  rosuine  his  front.     Tlie  men  present  arms,  and  the  olR- 
cers  salute,  so  as  to  drop    their  s\\ords  with  the  la.-^t  motion 


REVIEW.  •  83 

of  the  firelock.  Tho  noTi-commissioncd  staff  salute  by 
bringing  the  SM'ord  to  a  ^Jo(«^,  the  hilt  resting  op-  the 
breast,  the.blade  in  front  of  th.o  face,  inclining  a  little 
outwards.  The  niusic  will  play,'and  all  the  drums  beat, 
according  to  the  ran^  of  tho  reviewing  ofRcer.- 

The  reviewing  offic-^r  having  halted  and  acknowledged 
tho  s-alute  bv  touchtng  or  raising  his  cap  or  hat,  the  col- 
onel will,  face  about  and  commami:'' jShouhlcr- Arms  \ 
when  the  msn  shofilder  their  pieces  ;  the  ofncers  and 
non-commis^loi1^d'  stn ff-  recover  their* swords-with  the 
last  motion  and  the  colonel  faces  to  theii-ont.     " 

The  reviewing  officer  v/iJl  tlien  go.tawards  the  raght, 
the  whole 'remaining  perfectly  steady,  witlioiit  paying 
any  further^complinYent,  while  he  passes  along  the  front 
of  the  battalion  and  proceeds  round  the  left  tlank.  and 
along  the  rear  of  the  file  closers,  to  the  right.  While 
the  reviewing  officer  is  going  round  the  battalion  the 
baad  will  play,  and  will  cease  when  he  h9,s  returned  to- 
the  righ^flank.    . 

When  the  reviewing  ofncer  turns  o'l"  to  place  himself 
•by  the  ijamp  coIqjl'  in  front,  the  colonel  will  face  the  line, 
and  command  :     .  * 

1.  Clase  order.    2.  MARCH. 

At  the  first  command  tho  field  and  company  officers 
will  face  to  tho  right-about ;  and  at  the  second  command, 
all  person-s  except  the  colonel,  will  resume  their  places 
in  the  order  of  battle  ;  the  field  and  staff  officers  mount. 

The  reviewing  officer  having  taken  his  position  near 
the  camp-color,  the  colonel  will  command: 
I.  Byt'omparjy,  right  vvhe3l.    2.  Qaick-M.kRCH     3. 

Pa'^s    in  review.  .4.    Column,    for^vard.    5.    Guide" 

right.    6.  MARCH. 
*    The  battalion,  in  column  of  companies,  right  in  front, 
will  then  in  common  tim'e,  arKLaisJiouIder  arms,  be  put 
'. __^. = ^ 

*  If  the  rcv4e^in,;r  officer  be  junior  in  rank  to  the  command- 
ant of  the  i)ar:ide,  no  compliment  will  be  paid  to  him,  but  he 
will  bo  received  with  aj'ms  carried,  and  the  officers  will  not  sa- 
lute as  the  column  passes  in  review.  The  colors  salute  such 
persons  only  as  from  their  rank  and  by  regulation  are  entitled 
to  that  honor. 


84  REVIEW. 

in  motion ;  the  colonel  four  paces  in  front  of  the  captiiin 
of  the  leading  company^  the  lientenant-colonel  on  a  line 
■with  the  leadnig  company;  the  major  on  a  line  with  the 
rear  company  ;  the  adjutant  on  a  line  with  the  second  com- 
pany ;  tlic  sergeant-major  on  a  hne  with  the  company  next 
preceding  the  rear — each  six  paces  from  the  tlank  (left) 
opposite  to  the  reviewing  officer,;  the  staff"  officers  in  one 
rank,  according  to  or<ler  of  precedency,  from  the  right,  four 
paces  in  rear  of  the  column ;  the  music,  preceded  by  the 
principal  musician,  six  paces  before  the  colonel ;  the  pio- 
neers preceded  hy  a  corporal,  four  paces  before  the  principal 
musician ;  and  the  quartermaster-sergeant  two  paces  from 
the  side  opposite  to  the  guides,  and  in  line  with  the  jnoneers. 
The  guides  and  soldiers  will  keep  their  heads  steady  to  the 
front  in  passing  in  review. 

The  music  will  begin  to  play  at  the  command  to 
march,  and  after  passing  the  reviewing  officer,  wheel  to 
the  left  out  of  the  colunm,  and  take  a  position  opposite 
and  facing  him,  and  will  continue  to  play  until  the  rear 
of  the  column  shall  have  passed  him,  when  it  will  cease,, 
and /ollow  in  the  rear  of  the  battalion.'--  The  officers  will  sa* 
lute  the  reviewing  officer  when  they  arrive  witliin  six  paces 
of  him,  and  recover  their  swords  when  six  paces  past  him< 
All  officers,  in  saluting,  will  cast  their  eyes  towards  the 
reviewing  officer.  The  colonel,  when  he  has  saluted  at  the 
head  of  the  battalion,  will  place  himself  near  the  reviewing 
officer,  and  will  remain  thereuntil  the  rear  has  passed,  when 
he  will  rejoin  the  battalion.  The  colors  will  salute  the  re- 
v'eving  officer,  if  entitled  to  it,  when  Avithin  six  paues  of 
him,  and  be  raised  when  they  have  passed  by  \im  an  equal 
distance.  The  color-bearer  will  rema'n  in  ranks  wliile  paiis- 
ing  and  saluting. 

The  reviewing  officer  or  personage  will  acknowledge  th(4 
salute  l)y  raising  or  taking  off  liis  cap,  or  1  a*-,  when  the 
commander  of  the  troops  salutes  him;  and  also  when  the 
colors  pass.  The  rest  of  the  time,  occupied  by  the  passage 
of  the  troops,  he  will  be  covered. 


*  That  is,  unless  tho  battilion  \s  to  pass  in    ./ua  .  ,/.,  also^  in 
TTbivU  case  it  ^iU  ke«p  its  position. 


REVIEW.  85 

When  the  column  lias  passed  the  reviewing  officer, 
the  colonel  willdirect  it  to  the  ground  iCmarched  from, 
and  command  Guide  left,  in  time  for  the  guides  to  cover. 
The  column  Imving  arrived  on  its  ground,  the  colonel  will 
command:  1.  Uoi.urnn.  2.  Halt  ;  form  it  in  order  of 
battle,  and  cause  the  ranks  to  be  opened  a«  ab.ivc  direc- 
ted. The  review  wi.l  terminate  by  the  wholesalntingas 
at  the  beginning.* 

The  Colonel  v.ill  afterward  cause  the  troops  to  perform 
such  exe  ciscsand  manoeuvres  as  the  reviewing  officer 
may  direct. 

A  number  of  companies  less  than  a  battalion  will  be 
reviewed  as  a  battalion,  and  a  single  company  as  if  it 
were  with  the  battalion.  In  the  latter  case,  the  com- 
pany may  pass  in  column  of  platoons. 

*If  however,  instructions  have  heen  given  to  march  Ibe  troops 
past  m  quick  time  aso,  the  Colonel  will,  instead  of  changing 
tlie  guide,  halting  the  column,  and  wheeling  it  into  line,  as 
above  directed,  give  the  command  :  1.  Quiet  time.  2.  March. 
In  passing  the  reviewing  officer  again,  no  salute  will  be  offer- 
ed by  either  officers  or  men.  As  the  column  approaches,  the 
music,  having  ci  mmjnced  playing  at  the  command  inuix'I ,  will 
place  ifself  in  front  of  and  march  off  with  the  column,  and 
continie  to  play  until  the  battalion  is  halted  on  its  oiigii  al 
ground.  The  review  will  terminate  in  the  same  manner  as  above 
directed. 


SO'  GUAT^D-MOUNTING. 


III.    GUARD-MOUNTING. 

At  the  first  caU  for  jiuard-mounting,  the  men  warned 
for  duty  turn  out  on  their  company  parades  for  inspection 
by  the  first  sergeants..-  Each  detachment,  as  it-  arrives, 
Avill,  under  tlie  direction  of  the  adjutant, t^ke  post  on  tl.e 
left  of  the  one  thnt  ^preceded-  it.,  in  open  order,  arms 
shouhlered,  and  bayonets  fixed;  the  supernumeraries 
five  paces  in  the  rear  of  the  men  of  Uieir  respective  com- 
panies ;  the  first  sergeants  in  rear  "of  them.  The  ser- 
geant-major will  dress  the  ranks,  count  the  files,  verily 
the  details,  and  when  the  guard  is  formed* report  to  the 
'adjutant,  and  take  post  two  paces  on  the  left  at'  the  front 
rank.  -     . 

The  adjutant  then  commands:  Front,  when  the  officer 
of  the  guard  take^t  post  twelve  paces  in  front  of.  the  centre, 
the  sergeant^  in  one  rank,  four  paces  in  renr  of  the  offi- 
cers ;  and  the  corporals  in  one  raiik,  four  paces  in  rear 
of  the  sergeants — all  tacrng  to  the  front..  The  adjutant 
th?n  assigns  their  places  in  the  guard. 

Tht^  adjutant  wiM  then  command  : 
1.   Officer  and  iion-couimissioned  Officers     2.  About- 
FACE.     3.  Inspect  your  guards-MARCH. 
The  non-commissioned  afficers  tlien  take  their    posts- 
The  commander  of  the  guards  then  commands  : 
1.  Order^ARMS.     2.  Inspection-ARMS, 
and  inspects  his  guard.     When  there  is  no  commissioned 
officer  on  the  guard,  the  adjutant  will  inspect   it.     Dur- 
ing inspection  theband  will  play. 

The  inspection  ended,  the  ofiicer  of  the  guard  takes 
post  as  though  the  guard  were  a  company  of  a  battalion 
in  open  order,  under  review;  at  the  same  time  also,  the 
officers  of  the  day  will  take  post  in  front  of  pie  centre  of 
guard  ;  the  old  officer  of  the  day  ,  three  paces  on  th?. 
ri'iht  of  (he  new  officer  of  the  day,  one  pace  retired. 
The  adjut:int  will  then  command:   ■ 

1.  Parade-REST,    2,  Troop-BEAT  OtF; 
When  the  music,  beginning  on  the  right,  will  beat  down 


GXJARD-lIOrXTIXG.    "  8/ 

the  line  in  front  of  tlie  officer  of  t'.c  guard  to  tlic  loft,  and 
back  to  its, place  p|i  the  ligUt,  wl.e  i  it  will  cease  to  play.. 
The  adjutuntAvill  then  command  :       \ 

1.    Attention.    2.   Shoulder-AR3lS.    3.    Cioce   order- 

.-  '  MARCH. 
At  the  word  "close  order^"  ihe  oliicei-  will  face  about ;  at 
"nuireb,"  resume  his  post  in  line.  The  adjutant  then 
commands:  Pre^^nf-AKJCSf  at  wliichhe  will  face  to  the 
new  officer  of  the  day,  salute  and  report,  ^'Sh\  the  guard' 
is  formed.''^  .The  new  officer  of  ihc  da}',  after  acknow- 
ledging the  s;\lute,wi!l  direct  the  adjutant  to  march  the 
guard  in  revie\v,  or  by  flank  to  its  post.  But  if  the  ad- 
jutant be  senior  to  tlie  oliicer  .of  the  day,  he  will  report 
without  saluting  with  the  swoi'd  then,  or  when  marclri'Jg 
in  review. 

In  review,  the  guard  march  past  (he  officer  of  the  day, 
according  to  the  order  of  review,  conducted  b^''  the  adju- 
tant, marching  on  the  left  of  the  lirst  division;  the  Fcrf.;ean{- 
major  on  the  left  of  the  last  division.  When  the  column 
has  pas-ed  ihe  officer  of  the  day,  the  officer  of  the  gi;ard 
marclies  it  to  its  post,  the  adjutant  and  sergeant-major  rt- 
tiring.  The  mu-i-c,  which  has  wheeled  out  of  the  column 
and  taken  po.st  opposite  the  officer  of  the  day,  will  cea'-'C, 
and  the  old  officer  of  the  dy  salute,  and  give  the  old  or 
standing  orders  to  the  new  officer  of  the  da}^  The  super- 
nnmi'raries,  fit  the  same  time,  will  be  marched  to  their  re- 
spective company  parades  and -dismissed. 

On  the  ai)proach  of  the  new  j^uard,  the  officer  of  the 
old  guaid,  having  hi^,  guard  paraded,  will  '  command: 
Pr^s5//^ARMS.  The  neu-  guard  v/ill  n^arch,  in  quick  time, 
past  the  old  guard,  at  i;houIder  arms,  officer  salutin.LV,  and 
take  post  four  paces  oniLs  right,,  when,  being  aligiicd  with 
-it,  its  eomrainder  vv-i;i  order:  Present- A hyir.  The  two 
officers  will  then  approach  each  otiicr  and  salute.  They 
will  then  rctui'n  to  their  r'especiivc  guards,  and  conummd: 
1.  Shoiildtr- Ar^^.  2.    Order- \iisix. 

•The  cflicer  of  the  new  guard  w^ll  ro  v  circct  tl  c  deL.-dl 
for  the  advance  uuard  to  be  formed    and    maixhed    to  its 


88  GUARD-MOUXTING. 

posf,  the  list  of  the  gunrd  innrle  and  divided  into  three 
rel'iefs.  and  peiforin  all  the  other  duties  incident  to  his 
post  and  nepessary  at  this  time  to  be  done. 

The  first  relief  liavinj^  been  designnted  and  ordered  two 
paces  to  the  front,  the  corporal  of  the  new  guard  will 
take  clnnge  of  it,  and  go  to  relieve  the  sentinels,  ac- 
companied by  the  corpoi-al  of  the  old  gunrd,  who  will  take 
command  of  the  old  sentinels,  wlun  the  wiiole  arc  relieved. 
Q'he  relief,  wiih  arms  at  a  support,  in  two  ranks,  will 
march  by  a  flnnk.  conducted  by  tlie  corporal  on  the  side 
of  the  lending  front  rank  mnn;  and  then  men  will  be 
numbered  alternately  in  the  front  and  icar  rank,  the  man 
on  the  right  of  the  front  rank  being  No.  1.  Should  an 
offii^er  ap[)roach,  the  coi'poral  wid  command:  C(irry  artns, 
and  resume  the  support  arms  when  the  officer  is  passed. 


When  the  sentinel  sees  the  relifcf  approaching,  he  will 
halt  and  face  to  i',  with  his  arms  at  a  shoulder.  At  six 
paces  the  corpora)  will  command  :  1.  Ecl'icf,  2.  Halt; 
when  the  relief  wili  halt  and  carry  arms.  The  coiporal 
will  then  add,  "No.  1,"  or  "No.  2,""  or  "No.  3,"  accord- 
ing to  the  number  of  the  post,  yl?'??^«-PoHT.  The  two 
sentinels  will,  with  arms  at ^:>rvrHhen  approach  each  other, 
when  the  old  sentinel,  under  the  correction  of  the  corpor- 
al, will  whisper  the  insiructions  to  the  new  sentiml.  Th's 
done,  the  two  sentinels  will  shoulder  aims,  and  the  old 
sentinel  will  pass  in  qnick  time,  to  his  place  in  rear  of  the 
relief.  The  corporal  will  then  command:  1.  !^upport- 
Ahm3.  2.  Forward.  8. ''March.  And  .he  rt  lief  proceeds 
in  ihe  same  manu'jr  until  the  whole  are  relieved. 


The  detachments  and  sentin(ds  from  the  old  g^iiard 
having  come  in,  it  wili  be  marched,  at  shoulder  a7'ms, 
aVng  the  front  of  the  new  siuaid,  in  quick  time,  the  new 
guard  standing  '.\\  jjresenfnJ  a  ms;  <  ffi  crs  salutii  g  n  ti  e 
music  of  both  guards   beating,    except  at   ihc  outposts. 


On  arriv-ing  at  the  regimental   or  garrison   parade    tho 
commander  of  the  okl  guard  will   ,end   the   d^eta'tas 

wC."fl^'   n'^'^'/tP'^'^"^   regiments  or  com" 
Whpn  the  old  guard  has   marched   o.T  fifry   pacis      he 
officer  of  the  new  guard  will  order  his  men  tLfack   thdr 
arms,  or  place  them  in  the  arm-racU  '^  ' 


90  GUARDS   A>rD    bLNTIXLLS, 


GUARDS  AXD  SENTINi3I.S. 

Camp  and  garrison  guards  will  bo  relieved  every  twenty 
fonr  hours.  Sentinels  will  be  relieved  every  two  hours, 
•^riie  ofiiccro  are  to  lemain  constantly  at  their  guards,  ex- 
cept while  visiting  the  sentinels  or  nccessQ^'iiy- engaged 
elsGAvhere  on  their  proper  dut}^  Neither  officers  nor  sol- 
diers are  to  take  ofi'  their  cldrning  or  accoutrements  While 
thcvaroon  guard  ♦Vv^bcn  a  lire  breaks  unt^  or  any  alawn 
i;-;  riiised  in  a  garriii^n,  all  guards  are  to  be  immediately 
under  arms.  Sentinels  will  not  ta-l^e  orders  or  allow  them- 
selves to  be  relieved,  except  by  an  officer  or  non-commis- 
sioned officer  of  tlieir  guard  or  party,  the  officer  oftlieday, 
or  the  commanding  officer.  Sentinels  will  report  every 
breach  of  orders  or  regulations  they  are  entrusted  to  enforce, 
They  must  iLcep  themselves  on  the  alert,  obs^-rving  every 
thing  that  takes  place  within  ,9ight  ana  hearing  of  their 
post.  They  will  carry  their  arms  habitually  3,t  support  or 
on  either  shoulder,  but  will  never  cpiit  them.  "  In  wet  v,'ea- 
ther  they  Avill  secure  arms.  No  sentinel  will  quit  his  post 
or  hold  conversation  not  necessary  to  the  proper  discharge 
.of  his  duty. 

Sentinels  will  be  respected  by  all  persons  of  wdiatever 
ra«k.  They  v>'ill  present  arms  to  general  and  field  ofli- 
rers,  to  the  otTicer  of  the  day,  and  to  the  commanding  offi^ 
pn-  of  the  post.  To  all  other  officers  tliey  will  carry  arms. 
The  sentinel  at  any  post  of  the  guard,  when  he  sees  any 
body  of  troops,  or  an  officer  entitled  to  con;pliment,  ap- 
proach, muit  call  "Turn  out  the  guard;'''  and  announce 
who  approaches.  Guards  do  not  tiu-u  out  as  a  matter  of 
compliment  after  sunset,  but  sentinels  will,  vvhen  officers 
in  uniform  approach,  pay  them  proper  attention,  by  facing 
to  the  proper  front  and  standing  steady  at  sltovJderarmy,. 
This  will  be  oljsorved  until  the  evening  is  so  far  advanc- 
ed that  the  sentinels  besrhi  challenfi;in!2;. 


GUARDS   AND   SENTINELS.  91 


Chaileiig^Ing'. 

After  relTpnt  (or  the  hour  appointed  hy  the  commanding 
officer)  until  broad  daylight,  a  pontine!  ehallonges  every,-. 
person  who  approaches  hnn,  taking  at  the  same  time  the 
l^osition  of  arms  port.  lie  will  suffer  no  person  to  come 
-nearer  than  v/itliin  the  reach  of  liis  bayonet,  until  tlie  per- 
son has  given  the  countersign.  A  sentinel  in  challenging 
Avill  call  out :  '' V/ho  ^nmes  therr?^'  If  answered — "Friend, 
ivitk  the  countersign,^'  and  he  be  instructed  to  pass  persons 
with  the  countersign,  he  will  reply — Adiancefriend,  with 
the  countersign. '''  If  answered — "Friends,"  he  will  reply 
— "Halt,  frievda.  Adrance  one  with  the  covnter<;iffn.'^ — 
Ifanswcred — '■'■Belief,"  "Patrol,"  or  ""Giand  rounds,'^ 
he  will  repl 3'-^" //<?/-:;  ;  adcanre  seraeant  (or  afipornl) 
icith  tlie  countersign'''  and  satisfy  himself  that  the  party  is 
what  it  represents  itself  to  be.  If  he  have  ©o  authority  to 
pass  persons  with  the  couniorsign',  if  thawrong  countersign 
be  given,  or  if  thepei^r,ns  have  not  the  countersign,  he  w;l  i 
cause  tliein  to  stand,  and  call — "Covx)oral  of  the  guard.'^ 

Grand    rounds.         i 

The  officer  wishing  to  mj\ke  the  rounds,  v.'ill  take  an 
escort  of  a  non-cornmissioi;ed  officer  and  two  men,  Wheij 
the  rounds  are  challenged  b}^  a  sentinel,  the  sergeant  will 
answer — "Grand  ronruh-f  and  the  sentinel*will  reply — 
"Halt,  grand' rounds.  Advance,  sergeant  iciih  the  counter, 
slgn.''^  Upon  which  the  sergeant  advances  and  gives  the 
C')Hutersign.  The  sentinel  will  \hcncry—"Advarice  rounds; 
and  stand  at  a  shoulder,  till  they  have  passed. 

When  the  sentinel  befrn'e  the  guard  .  challenges,  and  is 
answered: — "Grand  rounds,"  he  will  reply — "Halt,  rrra}i(i 
rounds.  Turn  out  the  guard,  grand  rounds.''*  Upon 
which  the  guard  will  be  drawn.up  at  ahoukk-red  arras.  The 
officer  commanding  the  guard  will  then  order  a  sergeant 
urjd  two  men  to  advance:  when  Vv'ithin  ten  paces,  the  ser- 
geant chal  lenges.  'J'he  sergeaat  of  the  grand  ruvmds  ans  vv^ers 
— "Grand  rounds."  The  sergeant  of  the  guard  replies — 
'.''Adrance,  sergeant,  loith  the  countersign,"" 


9S  GUAIi^g  aXd  sjuntinbls, 

Tho  scrgff  nt  of  tlic  rounds  advanca^;  alone,  ffive^  the  conn- 
tevsign,  ai  d  returns  to  his  round.  The  sergeant  of  the  ruard 
calls  to  his  otticer — '-T ir  conitii-rf^iyn     s  r  yJii  ;'    on  which 

the  offir'er  ("tf    t^iP     n-norrl     rnllc ".1J"',,,,./,     voi/prPy."       T    (i 

oftioer  of  the  rounds  then  advances  alone,  the  guard  sta  id- 
ing  at  siiouUlored  aims.  The  officer  of  the  rounds  passes 
along  the  front  of  tho  guard  to  tlie  oflioer,  who  keeps  ms 
post  on  the  right,  and  gives  him  tl  e  ra  o'e.  He  then  e  :■> 
amines  the  guard,  orders  back  his  escort,  nnd  taking  a  new 
one,  proceeds  in  the  saxae  ni^innejr  tp  other  guards. 


ESCORTS.  93 

ESCORTS  OF  HONOR. 

The  escort  will  be  drawn  up  in  line,  the  centre  opposite 
to  the  place  where  the  person  to  be  escorted  presents 
hiniseir,  with  :in  interval  between  the  Avings  to  receive 
hiin  and  his  retinue.  On  his  appearance  he  will  be  re- 
ceived with  the  honors  due  to  his  rank.  When  he  has 
taken  his  place  in  the  line,  the  whole  will  be  wheeled  into 
platoons  or  companies,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  take  up 
the  march.  The  same  ceremony  will  be  observed,  and  the 
same  honors  paid,  on  his  leaving  the  escort. 

When  the  position  of  the  escort  is  at  a  considerable  dis- 
tance from  the  ])oint  where  he  is  expected  to  be  received, 
a  double  lii.e  of  sentinels  will  be  posted  from  that  point  to 
the  escort,  facinof  inward,  and  the  sentinels  will  succes- 
sively salute  as  he  passes.  An(;fficer  will  be  appointed 
to  attend  him,  to  bear  such  communications  as  he  may 
have  to  make  to  the  commander  of  the  escort. 

COLOR  ESCORT. 

When  a  battalion  turns  out  under  a'-ms,  and  the  color  is 
wanted,  a  company,  other  than  that  of  ;he  color,  will  be 
put  in  march  to  receive  and  escort  the  color,  in  the  follow- 
ing order  in  quick  time  and  without  music  : — the  drum- 
major  and  field  music  ibllowed  by  the  band;  the  escort  in 
column  by  platoon,  right  in  front,  with  armg  shifted  to  the 
right  shoulder,  and  the  color-bearer  between  the  platoons. 

Arrived  in  frontof  the  tent  or  quarters  of  the  colonel, 
the  escort  will  form  into  line,  the  field  music  and  band  on 
til e  right,  and  arm  s  will  be  carried.  The  color-bearer, 
preceded  by  the  first  lieutenant,  and  followed  by  a  ser- 
geant of  the  escort,  will  then  go  to  receive    the    color. 

\Vhcn  the  color-bearer  shall  come  out,  followed  by  the 
lieutenant  and  sergeant,  he  will  halt  before  the  entrance  ; 
the  captain  will  cause  the  escort  to pre.'ierit  arms,  and  the 
drums  will  beat  ff>  the  color  for  half  a  minute,  Avhen  arms 
will-  be  shcnildercd,  and  the  escort  will  be  broken  into  colurr  n 
by  platoon.  The  color-bearer  \\\\\  place  himself  between 
the  platoons.  The  lieutenant  and  sergeant  will  resume 
their  posts,  and  the  escort  will  march  back  to  tlie  batlulion 


91  coLoii  Escoirr. 

t'^  the  sound  of  music,  in  qniclc  time  ;ind  in  the  same  order 
iia  above. 

Arrived  at  the  distance  '  of  "twenty  paces  from  the 
battalion  the  escort  will  be  halted,  and  the  mn.sic  ^vili 
cease;  the  colonel  will  place  himself  six  paces  before 
the  centre  of  the  battajlicn,  the  color-bearer  ^ill  ap- 
proach the  colonel,  by  the  front,  in  quick  time  ;  when  at 
the  distance  of  ten  paces,  he  will  halt;  the  colonel  will 
cause  arms  to  be  presented,  and  to  the  color  to  be  played, 
wVich  beins^  executed,  the  color-bearer  will  take  his  place 
in  the  front  rank  of  the  color-guard,  and  the  battalion,  by 
command,  will  shoulder  arms.  The  escort,  field  music 
and  band  will  return  in  quick  time  to  their  several  places 
in  the  line  of  battle,  marching  by  the  rear  of  the  battalior. 

The  color  will  be  escorted  back  to  the  colonel's  tent 
or  quarters  with  like  ceremony  and  in  the  same  order. 


FUNERAL.  HO  NOES.  9'^ 


FUNKRAI.  HONORS. 

The  funeral  escort  will  be  formed  in  two  r.ink.^,  opposite 
to  tlie  quarters  or  tent  of  the  (lccc:\>cd,  with  shouldered 
arms  and  bayonet^  unfixed  ;  the  artillery  and  cavalry  on 
the  right  of  the  inf;uitry/=^  On  the  uppearnnce  of  the 
corpse,  the  officer  commandihg- the  eseort  will  command: 

Preseiit-ARMS. 

When  the  honorfvdue  to  the  decease  will  be  paid  by 
the  drums  and  trumpets.  The  music  will  then  pldy  an 
appropriate  air,  and  the  cofiin  will  be  taken  to  the  right, 
when  it  will  be  halted.     The  commander  will  then  order: 

* 
1.  Shoulder-ARHS.    3.  By  company  (or  platoon)  left 
wheel.     3.  MARCH.      4.  ReverSc-ARRS.^.     5r  Col- 
umn, forward.    6.  Guirlc  right      T.  MARCH. 

The  column  will  be  marched  in  slow  tmie  to  solemn 
music,  and  on  reaching  the  grave,  will  take  a  direction  so- 
as  that  the  guides  shall  be  next  to  the  grave.  When  the 
centre  of  the  column  is  opposite  the  grave,  the  commander 
will  order  : 

1.    Column.    2.    HAI.T.     3.    Right,    into  line  wheel, 

4.    MARCH. 

Tlie  coffin  is  then  brought  along  the  front,  to  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  grave,  and  the  commander  then  orders; 

1.  Shoulder-ARMS.     2.    Frcsent-ARM^. 

And  when  the  colfm  reaches  thegiavc,  lie  adds: 


*  The  usual  badge  of  military  mnurnitio;'  is  a  piece  .  of  black 
crape  around  the  left  arms,  above  the  elbow,  and^  also  upon  the 
swoid  hilt,  a-id  will  be  worn  Avhen  in  full  or  imui'ess.  The 
druii  s  of  u  funeral  escort  will  be  covered  v,itli  black  crape,  or 
thia  black  s  rge. 


96  FUNERAL   HONORS* 

3.  Slioulder-ARMS,     4.  Rest  ou-ARMS. 

After  tlie  fanci'al  services  is  pe!-['ormed,  nnd  the  coffin  is 
lowL'ifd  into  the  grave,  tiic  commander  will  order, 

1,  Attention.    2.  Shouldcr-ARM.S.    3.  Load  at  Willi 
1.    LOAD. 

And  cinse  three  rounds  of  small  arms  to  be  fired  by  the 
escort.     He  will  then  command: 

1.  By  company  (or  platoon)  riglit-wlieel.  2.  MARCH, 
r.  Column  forward.  4.  Guide-left.  5.  (iuick- 
MARCH. 

The  music  will  not  begin  to  play  until  the  escort  is  cleaTf 
of  the  enc'iosiure. 


4 


T^^^^sHsSS^K 


